Back بيناكل بوينت ARZ Pinnacle Point (punta sa Habagatang Aprika) CEB Pinnacle-Point-Mensch German Yacimiento arqueológico de Pinnacle Point Spanish Pinnacle Point French Pinnacle Point Italian Pinnacle Point LLD Pinnacle Point Caves Dutch Pinnacle Point Man SIMPLE Pinnacle Point İnsanı Turkish
| Pinnacle Point | |
|---|---|
  Pinnacle Point | |
| Location | Mossel Bay, Western Cape Province |
| Coordinates | 34°12′28″S 22°05′22″E / 34.20778°S 22.08944°E |
| Official name | Pinnacle Point Site Complex |
| Part of | The Emergence of Modern Human Behaviour: The Pleistocene Occupation Sites of South Africa |
| Criteria | Cultural: iii, iv, v |
| Inscription | 2024 (46th Session) |
Pinnacle Point a small promontory immediately south of Mossel Bay, a town on the southern coast of South Africa. Excavations since the year 2000 of a series of caves at Pinnacle Point, first recognized and documented in 1997 by South African professional archaeologists, Jonathan Kaplan and Peter Nilssen, have revealed occupation by Middle Stone Age people between 170,000 and 40,000 years ago. The focus of excavations has been at Cave 13B (PP13B), where the earliest[vague] evidence for the systematic exploitation of marine resources (shellfish) and symbolic behaviour has been documented,[1] and at Pinnacle Point Cave 5–6 (PP5–6), where the oldest[vague] evidence for the heat treatment of rock to make stone tools has been documented.[2] The only human remains have been recovered from younger deposits at PP13B which are c. 100,000 years old.[3]
In 2024, the Pinnacle Point Site Complex became a part of the World Heritage Site of Pleistocene Occupation Sites of South Africa.[4]
- ^ Marean, Curtis W.; Bar-Matthews, Miryam; Bernatchez, Jocelyn; Fisher, Erich; Goldberg, Paul; Herries, Andy I.R.; Jacobs, Zenobia; Jerardino, Antonieta; Karkanas, Panagiotis; Minichillo, Tom; Nilssen, Peter J.; Thompson, Erin; Watts, Ian; Williams, Hope M. (18 October 2007), "Early Human use of marine resources and pigment in South Africa during the Middle Pleistocene", Nature, 449 (7164): 905–908, Bibcode:2007Natur.449..905M, doi:10.1038/nature06204, PMID 17943129, S2CID 4387442, retrieved 3 April 2013
- ^ Brown, Kyle S.; Marean, Curtis W.; Herries, Andy I.R.; Jacobs, Zenobia; Tribolo, Chantal; Braun, David; Roberts, David L.; Meyer, Michael C.; Bernatchez, J. (14 August 2009), "Fire as an Engineering Tool of Early Modern Humans", Science, 325 (5942): 859–862, Bibcode:2009Sci...325..859B, doi:10.1126/science.1175028, hdl:11422/11102, PMID 19679810, S2CID 43916405
- ^ Marean, Curtis W.; Nilssen, Peter J.; Brown, Kyle S.; Jerardino, Antonieta; Stynder, Deano (2 May 2004), "Paleoanthropological investigations of Middle Stone Age sites at Pinnacle Point, Mossel Bay (South Africa): Archaeology and hominid remains from the 2000 Field Season." (PDF), PaleoAnthropology, 1: 14–83, retrieved 4 April 2013
- ^ "The Emergence of Modern Human Behaviour: The Pleistocene Occupation Sites of South Africa". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 1 August 2024.