Polygons with holes, with simply connected brown regions and interior boundaries, including degenerate cases of single vertices and edges, (a,b,f).
An annulus can be approximated by two n-sided boundaries with the same center, but different radius.
In geometry, a polygon with holes is an area-connected planar polygon with one external boundary and one or more interior boundaries (holes).[1] Polygons with holes can be dissected into multiple polygons by adding new edges, so they are not frequently needed.
An ordinary polygon can be called simply-connected, while a polygon-with-holes is multiply-connected. An H-holed-polygon is H-connected.[2]