Back ترحيل فوري Arabic Devolució en calent Catalan Pushback (Grenze) German Επαναπροώθηση προσφύγων Greek Devolución en caliente Spanish Pushback-menettely Finnish Renvoi illégal de migrants French Devolución en quente Galician Pushback (migracije) Croatian Pushback Polish
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In migration, pushback is "a set of state measures by which refugees and migrants are forced back over a border – generally immediately after they crossed it – without consideration of their individual circumstances and without any possibility to apply for asylum".[1][2] Pushbacks violate the prohibition of collective expulsion of asylum seekers in Protocol 4 in countries party to the European Convention on Human Rights and often violate the international law prohibition on non-refoulement.[1][2]
Pushback is contrasted with "pullback", a form of extraterritorial migration control the country seeking to repel asylum seekers arranges with a third country to prevent them from leaving.[3][4]
- ^ a b "Push-back". www.ecchr.eu. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
- ^ a b Keady-Tabbal, Niamh (14 April 2021). ""Pushbacks" as Euphemism". EJIL: Talk!. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
- ^ McDonnell, Emilie (27 September 2021). "Realising the Right to Leave during Externalised Migration Control". EJIL: Talk!. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
- ^ Markard, Nora (2016). "The Right to Leave by Sea: Legal Limits on EU Migration Control by Third Countries". European Journal of International Law. 27 (3): 591–616. doi:10.1093/ejil/chw034.