Back راى العنكبوت ARZ Teridiosomàtids Catalan Theridiosomatidae CEB Teridiosomatedoj Esperanto Theridiosomatidae Spanish عنکبوتهای چادرباف Persian Theridiosomatidae French Theridiosomatidae Italian カラカラグモ科 Japanese Parapluspinnen Dutch
| Ray spiders Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Wendilgarda, female | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Theridiosomatidae Simon, 1881[1] |
| Diversity | |
| 20 genera, 132 species | |
| |
Theridiosomatidae, commonly known as ray spiders, are a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1881.[2] The family includes 137 species divided between 20 genera.[1] They are most recognizable for their construction of cone-shaped webs.[3]
The cephalothorax of Theridiosomatidae includes one pair of labio-sternal glands which seems a characteristic of the family and could be considered as a variation of segmental glands opening on the base of prosomatic appendages in various Spiders. This organ is composed of a cuticular sack-like reservoir opening on the sternum via a "pit", and of a cluster of functional units belonging to the class 3 of arthropodian epidermal glands. Each unit includes a large adenocyte provided with characteristic foliaceous microvilli (heart-shaped in Naatlo) and numerous mitochondria, an excretory duct terminating to a pore (located on an "apophysis" in Wendilgarda) and canal cells. Present in immature and both sexes, the labiosternal gland elaborates a golgian semiochemical, either a pheromone for intraspecific communication, or an allomone improving the prey capture.Labiosternal glands were discovered and named by André Lopez(1985,1988,1993)(external link :"archentoflor")
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
NMBEwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Simon, E. (1881). Les arachnides de France. Tome cinquième, première partie.
- ^ Kaston, B.J. (1972). How to Know the Spiders. Pictured key nature series (3rd ed.). Dubuque, IA: Wm C. Brown Company Publishers. ISBN 9780697048981. OCLC 668250654.