Back ريمون بيرك Arabic ريمون بيرك ARZ Raymond Leo Burke Catalan Raymond Leo Burke Czech Raymond Leo Burke German Raymond Leo Burke Spanish ریمند لئو برک Persian Raymond Leo Burke Finnish Raymond Burke French Raymond Leo Burke Irish
Raymond Leo Burke | |||||||||||||||||
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| Patron Emeritus of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta | |||||||||||||||||
 Burke in 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
| Church | Catholic | ||||||||||||||||
| Appointed | November 8, 2014 | ||||||||||||||||
| Retired | June 19, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Paolo Sardi | ||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Gianfranco Ghirlanda | ||||||||||||||||
| Other post(s) | Cardinal Priest of Sant'Agata de' Goti (2021–present) | ||||||||||||||||
| Previous post(s) |
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| Orders | |||||||||||||||||
| Ordination | June 29, 1975 by Pope Paul VI | ||||||||||||||||
| Consecration | January 6, 1995 by Pope John Paul II | ||||||||||||||||
| Created cardinal | November 20, 2010 by Pope Benedict XVI | ||||||||||||||||
| Rank |
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| Personal details | |||||||||||||||||
| Born | Raymond Leo Burke June 30, 1948 | ||||||||||||||||
| Residence | Rome, Italy | ||||||||||||||||
| Education | |||||||||||||||||
| Motto | Secundum cor tuum (Latin for 'According to Your heart') | ||||||||||||||||
| Signature |  | ||||||||||||||||
Ordination history | |||||||||||||||||
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| Styles of Raymond Leo Burke | |
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| Reference style | His Eminence |
| Spoken style | Your Eminence |
| Informal style | Cardinal |
Raymond Leo Burke (born June 30, 1948) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church. He is a bishop and a cardinal, and was a patron of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta from 2014 to 2023. He led the Archdiocese of St. Louis from 2004 to 2008 and the Diocese of La Crosse from 1995 to 2004. From 2008 to 2014, he was the prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura.
A canon lawyer,[1] Burke is perceived as a voice of traditionalism[2][3] among prelates of the Catholic Church. He established a reputation as a conservative leader while serving in La Crosse and St. Louis. Burke is a major proponent of the Tridentine Mass, having frequently offered it and conferred ordinations on traditionalist priests. He has criticized what he sees as deficiencies in the post-1969 Mass of Paul VI.[4] He is frequently seen as a de facto leader of the Church's conservative wing.[5][6]
Burke has publicly clashed with Pope Francis, vigorously opposing attempts by other bishops to relax church attitudes towards gay people and those Catholics who have divorced and remarried outside the church. Burke has opined that Catholic politicians who support legalized abortion, including American presidential candidate John Kerry and United States President Joe Biden, should not receive the Eucharist.[7][8] While Burke has denied allegations of disloyalty to Pope Francis, a number of Burke's statements have been interpreted as criticisms, once mentioning the possible need to "formally correct" the pope in relation to Amoris laetitia. This has led to a backlash from some Catholics towards Burke.[9][10][11][12]
In September 2015, the Vatican announced that Burke had been reappointed to the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, from which he had been removed in December 2013, but not to his more influential positions on the Congregation for Bishops and the Apostolic Signatura. In 2016, he was not reappointed as a member of the Congregation for Divine Worship.[13] In February 2017, Burke was again sidelined when Pope Francis appointed Archbishop Giovanni Angelo Becciu as his special delegate to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, with exclusive responsibility for the duties which would normally be exercised by Burke as its patron.[14] Albrecht von Boeselager, the order's grand chancellor, announced that this meant Burke was "de facto suspended" from the patronage.[15] Pope Francis reappointed him as a rank-and-file member of the Apostolic Signatura in September 2017. In November 2023, Pope Francis reportedly evicted Burke from his subsidized Vatican apartment and removed his salary as a retired cardinal.[16]
- ^ "Raymond Leo Cardinal Burke". Archdiocese of St. Louis. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- ^ Silk, Mark (September 9, 2015). "Cardinal Burke attacks Pope Francis' Reforms". Religion News. Archived from the original on August 26, 2016. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- ^ Rocca, Francis X. (November 10, 2014). "Thousands sign petition thanking Cardinal Burke". The Catholic Herald. Archived from the original on July 1, 2016. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
- ^ Rocca, Francis X. (July 6, 2012). "For Cardinal Burke, restoring tradition is a work in progress". Catholic News Service. Archived from the original on August 8, 2018. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
- ^ Inés San Martín (March 8, 2017). "Pope Francis: 'I do not see Cardinal Burke as an enemy'". Crux. Archived from the original on March 9, 2017. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
Cardinal Raymond Burke, seen as the leader of the pope's conservative opposition.
- ^ Catherine Pepinster (March 4, 2017). "Civil war in the Vatican as conservatives battle Francis for the soul of Catholicism". theguardian.com. Archived from the original on May 18, 2017. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
Cardinal Raymond Burke, an arch-conservative American canon lawyer.
- ^ Lamb, Christopher (November 12, 2016). "Cardinal Burke 'very happy' with election of Trump saying president-elect 'undoubtedly' preferable to Clinton". The Tablet. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved December 20, 2020.
- ^ Joyce, Kathryn (October 30, 2020). "Deep State, Deep Church: How QAnon and Trumpism Have Infected the Catholic Church". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on April 30, 2021. Retrieved December 20, 2020.
- ^ Gibson, David (August 22, 2016). "Cardinal Burke insists he is serving Francis, not opposing him". National Catholic Reporter. Religion News Service. Archived from the original on February 9, 2019. Retrieved February 9, 2019.
- ^ Douthat, Ross (November 9, 2019). "Cardinal Burke: 'I'm Called the Enemy of the Pope, Which I Am Not'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 10, 2019. Retrieved April 2, 2020.
- ^ Cascioli, Riccardo (April 17, 2015). "Cardinal Burke Responds to Recent Criticisms". National Catholic Register. Archived from the original on August 23, 2017. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
- ^ "Editorial: Cardinal Burke is a living symbol of a failed version of church". National Catholic Reporter. July 31, 2019. Archived from the original on August 1, 2019. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
- ^ Chretien, Claire (November 24, 2016). "Cardinals Burke, Pell officially removed from Congregation for Divine Worship". California Catholic Daily. Archived from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved August 20, 2018.
- ^ Niccolò Mazzarino e Veronica Sansonetti (February 6, 2017). "Ordine di Malta, ecco come e perché il cardinale Burke è stato esautorato". Formiche.net. Archived from the original on February 6, 2017. Retrieved February 6, 2017.
- ^ Davis, Michael Warren (November 15, 2018). "Are tensions rising between the Vatican and Cardinal Burke?". The Catholic Herald. Archived from the original on July 30, 2019. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
- ^ Horowitz, Jason; Graham, Ruth (November 28, 2023). "Reports Say Pope Francis Is Evicting U.S. Cardinal From His Vatican Home". The New York Times. Retrieved November 28, 2023.