| Sambas Malay | |
|---|---|
| Base Melayu Sambas بيس ملايو سمبس | |
| Pronunciation | [basə mə.la.ju ˈsam.bas] |
| Native to | Indonesia (West Kalimantan) |
| Region | Sambas, Bengkayang and Singkawang |
| Ethnicity | Sambas Malays |
Native speakers | (603,111 cited 1982)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Latin (Indonesian alphabet) Jawi | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | samb1326 |
 Regencies and cities in West Kalimantan where Sambas Malay is spoken by the majority of the population
Regencies and cities in West Kalimantan where Sambas Malay is spoken by a significant minority of the population | |
Sambas Malay (Sambas Malay: Base Melayu Sambas, Jawi: بيس ملايو سمبس) is a Malayic language primarily spoken by the Malay people living in Sambas Regency in the northwestern part of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is also widely used in Bengkayang and Singkawang, both of which were formerly part of Sambas Regency before being split in 1999 and 2001 respectively.[2] Sambas Malay contains unique vocabulary not found in Indonesian or standard Malay, although it shares many similarities with the vocabularies of both languages.[3] It is closely related to Sarawak Malay, spoken in the neighboring Malaysian state of Sarawak, particularly in terms of vocabulary. The border between Sambas and Sarawak has fostered a long-standing connection between the Sambas Malay community and the Sarawak Malay community, existing even before the formation of Malaysia and Indonesia.[4] It is also more distantly related to other Malay dialects spoken in West Kalimantan, such as Pontianak Malay, which exhibits significant phonological differences.[5]
In Sambas, Sambas Malay serves as a language of interaction and culture, not just among the Sambas Malay people but also with other ethnic groups. This means that Sambas Malay is not only a means of communication within the community but also plays a vital role in preserving cultural elements such as traditional ceremonies and folklore.[6] Nevertheless, most Sambas Malays are bilingual, speaking both Sambas Malay and standard Indonesian. On the other hand, other ethnic groups in Sambas, such as the Chinese and Dayak, are also proficient in Sambas Malay alongside their native tongue and Indonesian. The language is also the primary language of the Sultanate of Sambas, an Islamic sultanate historically ruling the region, though it no longer holds any political power today.[7]
- ^ Trimantomo et. al. 1985, p. 1.
- ^ Effendy, Chairil; Asfar, Dedy; Syahrani, Agus; Rahayu, Utari; Jupitasari, Mellisa; Febrianti, Binar (4 September 2023). "Fauna Lexicon in Malay Proverbs: Revealing the Symbolic Meaning in the Malay Community of Sambas". Proceedings of the 2nd Biennial International Conference on Safe Community, B-ICSC 2022, 20–21 September 2022, Bandar Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia. doi:10.4108/eai.20-9-2022.2334189. ISBN 978-1-63190-419-6.
- ^ Prasetyo, Wisnu Arie; Hartati, Umi (15 June 2018). "Perbedaan Bahasa Indonesia Standar dengan Bahasa Melayu Sambas: Di Bidang Fonologi dan Kosakata". Caraka: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan, Kesastraan, dan Pembelajarannya. 4 (2): 145–153. doi:10.30738/caraka.v4i2.2851. ISSN 2579-4485.
- ^ Ibrahim, Dayang Fatin Amira Abang (2023). "Tahap Kekerabatan Dialek Melayu Sambas dengan Dialek Melayu Sarawak: Sebuah Penelitian Linguistik Historis Komparatif". Jurnal Antarabangsa Pengajian Kepulauan Melayu (in Malay). 1 (3): 15. ISSN 2811-390X.
- ^ Asfar, Dedy Ari (5 July 2019). "Ciri-Ciri Bahasa Melayu Pontianak Berbasis Korpus Lagu Balek Kampong". Tuah Talino (in Indonesian). 13 (1): 1–13. doi:10.26499/tt.v13i1.1474. ISSN 2685-3043.
- ^ Susilo et. al. 1998, p. 1.
- ^ Suhardi, Muhamad; Mulyono, Sri; Aslan, Aslan; Syakhrani, H. Abdul Wahab; Putra, Purniadi (5 April 2020). "Perubahan kurikulum lembaga pendidikan Islam di Sambas pada masa Kesultanan Sambas". Ta'dibuna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam. 9 (1): 034. doi:10.32832/tadibuna.v9i1.2715. ISSN 2622-7215.