Shang Yang

Shang Yang
Statue of pivotal reformer Shang Yang
Chinese商鞅
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinShāng Yāng
Bopomofoㄕㄤ ㄧㄤ
Gwoyeu RomatzyhShang Iang
Wade–GilesShang1 Yang1
Tongyong PinyinShang Yang
IPA[ʂáŋ jáŋ]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationSēung Yēung
Jyutpingsoeng1 joeng1
IPA[sœŋ˥ jœŋ˥]
Southern Min
Tâi-lôSiong Ng
Old Chinese
Baxter–Sagart (2014)*s.taŋ ʔaŋ

Shang Yang (Chinese: 商鞅; c. 390 – 338 BC), also known as Wei Yang (Chinese: 衞鞅) and originally surnamed Gongsun, was a statesman, chancellor and reformer of the State of Qin. Arguably the "most famous and most influential statesman of the Warring States period",[1] Gongsun was born in the Zhou vassal state of Wey,[2] migrating to take up office in the Qin state. His policies laid the administrative, political and economic foundations that would eventually enable Qin to conquer the other six rival states, unifying China into a centralized rule for the first time in history under the Qin dynasty. Scholars consider it likely that both he and his followers contributed to The Book of Lord Shang.[3]

  1. ^ Pines 2024, p. 24.
  2. ^ Antonio S. Cua (ed.), 2003, p. 362, Encyclopedia of Chinese Philosophy [1] "The fifth important legalist, Shang Yang (Wei Yang, c. 390–338 B.C.E.), was born in Wei; his original surname was Gongsun."
  3. ^ Pines, Yuri, "Legalism in Chinese Philosophy", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2014 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), 1.1 Major Legalist Texts, http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2014/entries/chinese-legalism/

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