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According to Islamic apocalyptic literature, the day of judgement (or Arabic: یوم الدین, romanized: Yawm ad-din, lit. 'Day of Judgement') will be preceded by a number of alleged immoralities and catastrophes, as well as the advent of apocalyptic figures. Muhammad repeatedly said that Day of Judgement is near with him becoming a prophet.[1] There is no canonical accepted version of the signs of the Endtimes by either Sunnis or Shias.[2]
While interpretations of what the Quran and hadith say about the end times are "diverse and complex", the signs of Judgment Day's arrival include disruptions in the order of both human morality and the natural world; but also the appearance of the saviors, Mahdi and Jesus, which "is seen to represent the ultimate victory of the ummah of Islam ... in some senses".[3] Piety will be lost as music, wine drinking, usury, homosexuality, disobedience by wives and fornication abound, and the earth will be destroyed. However, during this era ʿĪsā (Jesus) and the Mahdi will also vanquish the Antichrist figure al-Dajjāl, while Allah will eliminate the monstrous Gog and Magog, liberating the world from injustice and restoring sharia.
The signs have been divided into minor and major by commentators. They are reported in various ḥadīth collections,[4][5] and described in commentaries of various medieval Muslim scholars, including al-Ghazali, Ibn Kathir, and Muhammad al-Bukhari, among others.[6] Islamic apocalyptic literature describing Armageddon (or fitna) is often known as Al-Malhama Al-Kubra (The Great Epic), or (in Shia Islam) Ghaybah (Occultation).[7][8]
- ^ Qalam, H's (2 January 2025). "What Will Happen on Judgement Day: Simplified". Islam Legacy. Retrieved 24 January 2025.
- ^ Cook, D. (2002). Studies in Muslim apocalyptic (Vol. 21). Princeton: Darwin Press. p. 300
- ^ Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.67
- ^ Stowasser, Barbara Freyer (2002). "The End is Near: Minor and Major Signs of the Hour in Islamic Texts and Context" (PDF). ETH Zurich. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
- ^ "Minor Signs". Retrieved 10 June 2021.
- ^ Smith, Jane I. (2006). "Eschatology". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Vol. II. Leiden: Brill Publishers. doi:10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQCOM_00055. ISBN 978-90-04-14743-0.
- ^ "Eschatology - Oxford Islamic Studies Online". 6 May 2008. Archived from the original on 23 April 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
- ^ Yahya, Harun (12 May 2010). Portents And Features of the Mahdi's Coming. Global Publishing. Kindle Edition.