Back Sima Ying German 司馬穎 Japanese Sima Ying Serbo-Croatian Tư Mã Dĩnh Vietnamese 司马颖 Chinese 司馬穎 ZH-CLASSICAL
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| Sima Ying 司馬穎 | |
|---|---|
| Crown Prince of the Jin dynasty | |
| Tenure | 1 May 304[1] - 4 February 305[2] |
| Predecessor | Sima Tan |
| Successor | Sima Chi |
| Prince of Chengdu (成都王) | |
| Tenure | 22 December 289 – c.December 306 |
| Born | 279 |
| Died | 306 (aged 26–27) |
| Father | Emperor Wu of Jin |
| Mother | Lady Cheng |
Sima Ying (司馬穎) (279[3] – c.December 306[4]), courtesy name Zhangdu (章度), was a Jin dynasty imperial prince who served briefly as his half-brother Emperor Hui of Jin's regent and crown prince. He was the sixth of eight princes commonly associated with the War of the Eight Princes. His title was the Prince of Chengdu (成都王), but he did not receive any posthumous names.
During Empress Jia Nanfeng's rule behind the throne, Sima Ying was assigned to guard the important city of Ye in Hebei. He formed a coalition with the Prince of Qi, Sima Jiong and the Prince of Hejian, Sima Yong to overthrow the usurper Sima Lun and restore Emperor Hui in 301. As the last of his half-brother's male descendants died, he developed ambitions to install himself as crown prince. He allied himself with Sima Yong to gain control of Emperor Hui from Sima Jiong and later the Prince of Changsha, Sima Ai, eventually succeeding in 304. However, he was soon attacked by the Prince of Donghai, Sima Yue and his allies, forcing him to abandon his power base and seek refuge with Sima Yong. Under Sima Yong, he was stripped of his title as crown prince and reduced to a mere general. He attempted to flee back to Hebei in 306, but was captured and executed.
Despite his ambitions and ruthlessness towards his half-brothers, Emperor Hui and Sima Ai, he was also popular among the people of Hebei for his benevolent rule. After his death, the rebels, Gongshi Fan and Ji Sang rose up in Hebei against Sima Yue, using the pretext of avenging the late prince to win the support of the populace.
- ^ wu'shen day of the 3rd month of the 1st year of the Yong'xing era, per Emperor Hui's biography in Book of Jin and vol.85 of Zizhi Tongjian
- ^ ding'hai day of the 12th month of the 1st year of the Yong'xing era, per Emperor Hui's biography in Book of Jin and vol.85 of Zizhi Tongjian
- ^ Sima Ying's biography in Book of Jin indicated that he was 28 (by East Asian reckoning) when he died. (...命徽缢之，时年二十八。) Jin Shu, vol.59. Thus by calculation, his birth year should be 279.
- ^ Volume 86 of Zizhi Tongjian indicated that Sima Ying was forced to commit suicide in the 10th month of the 1st year of the Guang'xi era. The month corresponds to 22 Nov to 21 Dec 306 in the Julian calendar.