Kingdom of Simurrum 𒋛𒈬𒌨𒊑𒅎 | |
|---|---|
| 3rd millennium BCE–2nd millennium BCE | |
 Territory of Simurrum in the Mesopotamia area | |
| Common languages | Akkadian |
| Government | Monarchy |
| Historical era | Early Bronze |
• Established | 3rd millennium BCE |
• Disestablished | 2nd millennium BCE |
| Today part of | Iraq and Iran |
Simurrum (Akkadian: 𒋛𒈬𒌨𒊑𒅎: Si-mu-ur-ri-im)[1] was an important city state of the Mesopotamian area from around 2000 BCE to 1500 BCE, during the period of the Akkadian Empire down to Ur III. The Simurrum Kingdom disappears from records after the Old Babylonian period.[2] It has been proposed that in Old Babylonian times its name was Zabban, a notable cult center of Adad.[3][4][5] It was neighbor and sometimes ally with the Lullubi kingdom.[6][7] Zabban is noted as a cult center of Adad into the Neo-Babylonian period.[8]
- ^ Shaffer, Aaron (2003). "Iddi(n)-Sîn, King of Simurrum: A New Rock-Relief Inscription and a Reverential Seal". Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie. 93 (1). Zeitschrift für Assyoriologie: 7–12.
- ^ Eidem, Jesper (2001). The Shemshāra Archives 1: The Letters. Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. p. 24. ISBN 9788778762450.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Fraynewas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ [1]George, A., "The Sanctuary of Adad at Zabban? A Fragment of a Temple List in Three Sub-columns", BiOr. 65, pp. 714–717, 2008
- ^ Weidner, Ernst, "Simurrum Und Zaban", Archiv Für Orientforschung, vol. 15, pp. 75–80, 1945
- ^ Hamblin, William J. (2006). Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC. Routledge. pp. 115–116. ISBN 9781134520626.
- ^ Meissner, Bruno, "Simurru", Orientalistische Literaturzeitung, vol. 22, no. 1-6, pp. 69-70, 1919
- ^ [2]Schwemer, Daniel, "The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies Part I", Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions 7.2, pp. 121-168, 2007