Back نظرية الخيار الاجتماعي Arabic Sosial seçim nəzəriyyəsi Azerbaijani Sozialwahltheorie German Teoría de la elección social Spanish نظریه انتخاب اجتماعی Persian Théorie du choix social French בחירה חברתית HE Teori pemilihan sosial ID Teoria della scelta sociale Italian 社会選択理論 Japanese
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Social choice theory is a branch of welfare economics that extends the theory of rational choice to collective decision-making.[1] Social choice studies the behavior of different mathematical procedures (social welfare functions) used to combine individual preferences into a coherent whole.[2][3][4] It contrasts with political science in that it is a normative field that studies how a society can make good decisions, whereas political science is a descriptive field that observes how societies actually do make decisions. While social choice began as a branch of economics and decision theory, it has since received substantial contributions from mathematics, philosophy, political science, and game theory.
Real-world examples of social choice rules include constitutions and parliamentary procedures for voting on laws, as well as electoral systems;[5] as such, the field is occasionally called voting theory.[5][6][7] It is closely related to mechanism design, which uses game theory to model social choice with imperfect information and self-interested citizens.
Social choice differs from decision theory in that the latter is concerned with how individuals, rather than societies, can make rational decisions.
- ^ Suzumura, Kotaro (1983). Rational Choice, Collective Decisions, and Social Welfare. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-12255-9.
- ^ For example, in Kenneth J. Arrow (1951). Social Choice and Individual Values, New York: Wiley, ch. II, section 2, A Notation for Preferences and Choice, and ch. III, "The Social Welfare Function".
- ^ Fishburn, Peter C. (1974). "Social Choice Functions". SIAM Review. 16: 63–90. doi:10.1137/1016005.
- ^ Amartya Sen (2008). "Social Choice". The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition, Abstract & TOC.
- ^ a b Zwicker, William S.; Moulin, Herve (2016), Brandt, Felix; Conitzer, Vincent; Endriss, Ulle; Lang, Jerome (eds.), "Introduction to the Theory of Voting", Handbook of Computational Social Choice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 23–56, doi:10.1017/cbo9781107446984.003, ISBN 978-1-107-44698-4, retrieved 2021-12-24
- ^ Nurmi, Hannu (2010), Rios Insua, David; French, Simon (eds.), "Voting Theory", e-Democracy: A Group Decision and Negotiation Perspective, Advances in Group Decision and Negotiation, vol. 5, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 101–123, doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9045-4_7, ISBN 978-90-481-9045-4, retrieved 2024-06-20
- ^ Coughlin, Peter J. (1992-10-30). Probabilistic Voting Theory. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-36052-4.