Back Parti Socialiste (Francia) AN الحزب الاشتراكي (فرنسا) Arabic الحزب الاشتراكى (فرنسا) ARZ Sosialist Partiya (Fransa) Azerbaijani سوسیالیست حیزبی (فرانسه) AZB Сацыялістычная партыя (Францыя) Byelorussian Социалистическа партия (Франция) Bulgarian Parti Socialiste (Frañs) Breton Partit Socialista (França) Catalan Socialistická strana (Francie) Czech
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The Socialist Party (French: Parti socialiste [paʁti sɔsjalist], PS)[a] is a centre-left[2][3][4] to left-wing[5][6][7][8] political party in France. It holds social democratic[9] and pro-European views.[10][11] The PS was for decades the largest party of the "French Left" and used to be one of the two major political parties under the Fifth Republic, along with the Rally for the Republic in the late 20th century, and with the Union for a Popular Movement in the early 2000s. It is currently led by First Secretary Olivier Faure. The PS is a member of the Party of European Socialists, Progressive Alliance and Socialist International.
The PS was founded in 1969 from a merger of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), the Convention of Republican Institutions led by François Mitterrand, and other groups. In the 1970s, the PS surpassed the Communist Party's share of the left-wing vote. It first won power in 1981, when Mitterrand was elected president. The PS achieved a governing majority in the National Assembly from 1981 to 1986, and again from 1988 to 1993. PS leader Lionel Jospin lost his bid to succeed Mitterrand as president in 1995 to conservative Jacques Chirac, but he served as prime minister in a cohabitation government from 1997 to 2002, when he was again defeated by Chirac in the presidential election.
In the 2007 presidential election, the PS's candidate, Ségolène Royal, was defeated by conservative Nicolas Sarkozy. In 2012, François Hollande, the leader of the party from 1997 to 2008, was elected president, and the party also won a governing majority. During his term, Hollande battled with high unemployment, multiple Jihadi terrorist attacks, poor opinion ratings and a splinter group of Socialist MPs known as frondeurs (rebels). Facing the emergence of centrist Emmanuel Macron and left-winger Jean-Luc Mélenchon, PS candidate Benoît Hamon finished 5th in the 2017 presidential election. The PS also declined to the 4th largest party in the 2017 legislative election, and to the 6th largest in 2022.
Several figures who acted at the international level have also been members of the PS, including Jacques Delors, who was the president of the European Commission from 1985 to 1994 and the first person to serve three terms in that office;[12] Dominique Strauss-Kahn, who was the managing director of the International Monetary Fund from 2007 to 2011;[13] and Pascal Lamy, who was Director-General of the World Trade Organization from 2005 to 2013.[14] Party membership has declined precipitously, standing at 22,000 members in 2021,[15] down from 42,300 in 2016,[16] 60,000 in 2014[17] and 173,486 members in 2012.[18] However, before the start of the 2023 Marseille Congress, the party announced that it had more than 41,000 members,[19] almost double that of the previous count announced during the 2021 Villeurbanne Congress. By November 2024, the Socialist Party claimed 47,000 members.[20]
- ^ Priestley, Pascal (11 May 2017). "Vies et morts du Parti socialiste français". tv5monde.com (in French). Archived from the original on 11 September 2018. Retrieved 11 September 2018.
- ^ Paul Statham (2007). "Political communication and European integration and the transformation of national public spheres: a comparison of Britain and France". In John Erik Fossum; Philip R. Schlesinger (eds.). The European Union and the Public Sphere: A Communicative Space in the Making?. Routledge. p. 127. ISBN 978-1-134-17462-1.
- ^ Liubomir K. Topaloff (2012). Political Parties and Euroscepticism. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 171. ISBN 978-0-230-36176-8.
- ^ Chrisafis, Angelique (29 January 2017). "French Socialists choose leftwing rebel Benoît Hamon for Élysée fight". The Guardian. Paris. Archived from the original on 30 January 2017. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
- ^ De La Cerda, Nicolás; Gunderson, Jacob R. (7 November 2023). "Are party families in Europe ideologically coherent today?". European Journal of Political Research. 63 (3): 1208–1226. doi:10.1111/1475-6765.12638. ISSN 0304-4130.
- ^ David, Romain (12 July 2022). "Faut-il voir dans le virage à gauche d'Olivier Faure l'influence des insoumis ?". Public Sénat (in French). Archived from the original on 24 April 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
- ^ "Officiellement intronisé premier secrétaire du PS, Olivier Faure promet une ligne "vraiment à gauche, vraiment réaliste"". France Info (in French). 30 March 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
- ^ "LE PARTI SOCIALISTE : À GAUCHE, MAIS AVEC QUI ?". Fondation Jean Jaurès (in French). 25 January 2023. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- ^ The Parti Socialiste is widely described as social-democratic:
- Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko; Matti Mälkiä, eds. (2007). Encyclopedia of Digital Government. Idea Group Inc (IGI). p. 397. ISBN 978-1-59140-790-4.
- Dimitri Almeida (2012). The Impact of European Integration on Political Parties: Beyond the Permissive Consensus. CRC Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-1-136-34039-0.
- Richard Collin; Pamela L. Martin (2012). An Introduction to World Politics: Conflict and Consensus on a Small Planet. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 218. ISBN 978-1-4422-1803-1.
- Hans-Peter Kriesi; Edgar Grande; Martin Dolezal; Marc Helbling; Dominic Höglinger; Swen Hutter; Bruno Wüest (2012). Political Conflict in Western Europe. Cambridge University Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-107-02438-0.
- Wolfgang Merkel; Alexander Petring; Christian Henkes; Christoph Egle (2008). Social Democracy in Power: The Capacity to Reform. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-07178-4.
- ^ "France". Archived from the original on 20 August 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
- ^ "Our national parties | Socialists & Democrats". www.socialistsanddemocrats.eu. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
- ^ European Commission – Discover the former Presidents, archived from the original on 23 October 2007, retrieved 21 September 2009
- ^ "IMF Managing Directors". Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
- ^ "Previous GATT and WTO Directors-General". WTO. Archived from the original on 31 May 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
- ^ "Olivier Faure réélu à la tête du Parti socialiste". 17 September 2021. Archived from the original on 17 September 2021. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
- ^ Ludovic Galtier (30 November 2016). "Parti socialiste : 42.300 adhérents seraient à jour de cotisation". RTL. Archived from the original on 7 February 2017. Retrieved 6 April 2017.
- ^ "PS : 60.000 militants PS à jour de cotisations". Parti socialiste. 30 November 2014. Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ^ "PS: Résultats officiels validés" (PDF). Socialist Party. 12 October 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 November 2013.
- ^ web, À propos de l'auteur Fabrice de Comarmond Facebook Twitter Site. "Plus de 41 000 adhérents sont appelés à voter dans le cadre du Congrès de Marseille". Parti Socialiste (in French). Archived from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
{{cite web}}:|first=has generic name (help) - ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 18 November 2024. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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