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| Specific language impairment | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Neurology, Speech–language pathology |
Specific language impairment (SLI) is diagnosed when a child's language does not develop normally and the difficulties cannot be accounted for by generally slow development, physical abnormality of the speech apparatus, autism spectrum disorder, apraxia, acquired brain damage or hearing loss. Twin studies have shown that it is under genetic influence. Although language impairment can result from a single-gene mutation,[1] this is unusual. More commonly SLI results from the combined influence of multiple genetic variants, each of which is found in the general population, as well as environmental influences.[2]
- ^ Lai CS, Fisher SE, Hurst JA, Vargha-Khadem F, Monaco AP (October 2001). "A forkhead-domain gene is mutated in a severe speech and language disorder". Nature. 413 (6855): 519–23. Bibcode:2001Natur.413..519L. doi:10.1038/35097076. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-CB9C-F. PMID 11586359. S2CID 4421562.
- ^ Bishop DV (2002-07-01). "The role of genes in the etiology of specific language impairment". Journal of Communication Disorders. 35 (4): 311–28. doi:10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00087-4. PMID 12160351.