Back Alemán estándard suizo AN الألمانية السويسرية الموحدة Arabic المانى قياسى سويسرى ARZ Alemán estándar suizu AST Tedescu sguìzzaru Corsican Schweizisk standardtysk Danish Schweizer Hochdeutsch German Alemán estándar suizo Spanish آلمانی معیار سوئیس Persian Allemand standard suisse French
| Swiss Standard German | |
|---|---|
| Swiss High German[note 1] | |
| Schweizer Standarddeutsch Schweizer Hochdeutsch, Schweizerhochdeutsch | |
| Pronunciation | [ˈʃvaɪtsərˌʃtandarddɔʏtʃ], [ˈʃvaɪtsərˌhoːxdɔʏtʃ] |
| Region | Switzerland, Liechtenstein |
| Ethnicity | Swiss (Liechtensteiners) |
Indo-European
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | None |
| IETF | de-CH |
Swiss Standard German[1][2][3] (SSG; German: Schweizer Standarddeutsch),[4] or Swiss High German[5][6][7][note 1] (German: Schweizer Hochdeutsch[8] or Schweizerhochdeutsch[9]; Romansh: Svizzers Alt Tudestg), referred to by the Swiss as Schriftdeutsch, or German: Hochdeutsch, is the written form of one (German) of four national languages in Switzerland, besides French, Italian, and Romansh.[10] It is a variety of Standard German, used in the German-speaking part of Switzerland and in Liechtenstein. It is mainly written and rather less often spoken.
Swiss Standard German differs from Swiss German, an umbrella term for the various Alemannic German dialects (in the sense of "traditional regional varieties") that are the default everyday languages in German-speaking Switzerland.
Standard German is a pluricentric language. In contrast with other local varieties of Standard German, Swiss Standard German has distinctive features in all linguistic domains: not only in phonology, but also in vocabulary, syntax, morphology, and orthography. These characteristics of Swiss Standard German are called Helvetisms. Besides influences from Alemannic German, those characteristics include extensive use of loan words from Romance languages, especially French.
Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).
- ^ Russ (1994), p. 7.
- ^ Sanders, Ruth H. (2010), German: Biography of a Language, New York: Oxford University Press, Inc., p. 200, ISBN 978-0-19-538845-9
- ^ Horvath, Barbara M.; Vaughan, Paul (1991), Community languages: a handbook, Multilingual Matters, Multilingual Matters, p. 101, ISBN 978-1853590917
- ^ Dürscheid & Businger (2006).
- ^ Russ (1994), pp. 55–56, 73–80, 84–87, 89–92, 96, 100 and 114.
- ^ "The problems of Austrian German in Europe". euro|topics. 16 March 2006. Archived from the original on 2015-05-18. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
- ^ Leeman, Adrian (2012), Swiss German Intonation Pattern, Studies in language variation, vol. 10, John Benjamins, ISBN 9789027234902
- ^ Hove (2007).
- ^ Hove (2007), pp. 2 and 4.
- ^ "Art. 4 National languages". SR/RS 101 Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (Status as of 3 March 2024) (in French, German, Italian, and Romansh). Berne, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Council. 18 April 1999. Retrieved 2024-12-08.