Template:Infobox beryllium

	child table, as reused in {IB-Be} v; e; h;
Main isotopes of beryllium

Beryllium, ₄Be
Beryllium
Pronunciation	/bəˈrɪliəm/ (bə-RIL-ee-əm)
Appearance	white-gray metallic
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Be)
	9.0121831±0.0000005; 9.0122±0.0001 (abridged);
Beryllium in the periodic table
	lithium ← beryllium → boron
Atomic number (Z)	4
Group	group 2 (alkaline earth metals)
Period	period 2
Block	s-block
Electron configuration	[He] 2s2
Electrons per shell	2, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1560 K (1287 °C, 2349 °F)
Boiling point	2742 K (2469 °C, 4476 °F)
Density (at 20 °C)	1.845 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	1.690 g/cm3
Critical point	5400 K, 46 MPa (estimated)
Heat of fusion	12.2 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	292 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	16.443 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	common: +2; +1
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.57
Ionization energies	1st: 899.5 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1757.1 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 14,848.7 kJ/mol ; (more) ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 112 pm
Covalent radius	96±3 pm
Van der Waals radius	153 pm
	Spectral lines of beryllium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	hexagonal close-packed (hcp) (hP2)
Lattice constants	a = 228.60 pm; c = 358.42 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	10.98×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	200 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	36 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	−9.0×10−6 cm3/mol
Young's modulus	287 GPa
Shear modulus	132 GPa
Bulk modulus	130 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	12,890 m/s (at r.t.)
Poisson ratio	0.032
Mohs hardness	6.0
Vickers hardness	1670 MPa
Brinell hardness	590–1320 MPa
CAS Number	7440-41-7
History
Discovery	Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1798)
First isolation	Friedrich Wöhler & Antoine Bussy (1828)
Isotopes of beryllium v; e;
	Category: Beryllium; view; talk; edit; \| references

Be · Beryllium
Li ← ibox Li	^iso ₄Be [e] IB-Be [e] IBisos [e]	→ B ibox B
cat:Be (10) cat:Be-isotopes (14) Commons Wikidata:Q569 Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page) v e

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers	view edit
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)	view edit
Top image (caption, alt)	view edit
Pronunciation	view edit
Allotropes (overview)	view edit
Group (overview)	view edit
Period (overview)	view edit
Block (overview)	view edit
Natural occurrence	view edit
Phase at STP	view edit
Oxidation states	view edit
Spectral lines image	view edit
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)	view edit
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight	view edit
most stable isotope	view edit
Wikidata
Wikidata *	view edit
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (46) · (this table: v )

^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Beryllium". CIAAW. 2013.
^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^ ^a ^b ^c Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
^ Apfelbaum, E. M. (2012-12-20). "Estimate of Beryllium Critical Point on the Basis of Correspondence between the Critical and the Zeno-Line Parameters". The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 116 (50): 14660–14666. doi:10.1021/jp309757a. ISSN 1520-6106.
^ Boronski, Josef T.; Crumpton, Agamemnon E.; Wales, Lewis L.; Aldridge, Simon (2023-06-16). "Diberyllocene, a stable compound of Be(I) with a Be–Be bond". Science. 380 (6650): 1147–1149. Bibcode:2023Sci...380.1147B. doi:10.1126/science.adh4419. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 37319227. S2CID 259166086.
^ Arrowsmith, Merle; Braunschweig, Holger; Celik, Mehmet Ali; Dellermann, Theresa; Dewhurst, Rian D.; Ewing, William C.; Hammond, Kai; Kramer, Thomas; Krummenacher, Ivo (2016). "Neutral zero-valent s-block complexes with strong multiple bonding". Nature Chemistry. 8 (9): 890–894. Bibcode:2016NatCh...8..890A. doi:10.1038/nchem.2542. PMID 27334631.
^ Gimferrer, Martí; Danés, Sergi; Vos, Eva; Yildiz, Cem B.; Corral, Inés; Jana, Anukul; Salvador, Pedro; Andrada, Diego M. (2022-06-07). "The oxidation state in low-valent beryllium and magnesium compounds". Chemical Science. 13 (22): 6583–6591. doi:10.1039/D2SC01401G. ISSN 2041-6539. PMC 9172369. PMID 35756523.
^ Be(I) is known in CpBeBeCp.^[5] While Be(0) is claimed to exist in bis(carbene) compounds,^[6] its existence has been questioned.^[7]
^ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
^ Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 14.48. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
^ ^a ^b Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

[CIAAW-1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Beryllium". CIAAW. 2013.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[Arblaster_2018-3] Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

[4] Apfelbaum, E. M. (2012-12-20). "Estimate of Beryllium Critical Point on the Basis of Correspondence between the Critical and the Zeno-Line Parameters". The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 116 (50): 14660–14666. doi:10.1021/jp309757a. ISSN 1520-6106.

[BCWABe(I)-5] Boronski, Josef T.; Crumpton, Agamemnon E.; Wales, Lewis L.; Aldridge, Simon (2023-06-16). "Diberyllocene, a stable compound of Be(I) with a Be–Be bond". Science. 380 (6650): 1147–1149. Bibcode:2023Sci...380.1147B. doi:10.1126/science.adh4419. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 37319227. S2CID 259166086.

[Arrowsmith-6] Arrowsmith, Merle; Braunschweig, Holger; Celik, Mehmet Ali; Dellermann, Theresa; Dewhurst, Rian D.; Ewing, William C.; Hammond, Kai; Kramer, Thomas; Krummenacher, Ivo (2016). "Neutral zero-valent s-block complexes with strong multiple bonding". Nature Chemistry. 8 (9): 890–894. Bibcode:2016NatCh...8..890A. doi:10.1038/nchem.2542. PMID 27334631.

[Gimferrer-7] Gimferrer, Martí; Danés, Sergi; Vos, Eva; Yildiz, Cem B.; Corral, Inés; Jana, Anukul; Salvador, Pedro; Andrada, Diego M. (2022-06-07). "The oxidation state in low-valent beryllium and magnesium compounds". Chemical Science. 13 (22): 6583–6591. doi:10.1039/D2SC01401G. ISSN 2041-6539. PMC 9172369. PMID 35756523.

[8] Be(I) is known in CpBeBeCp.^[5] While Be(0) is claimed to exist in bis(carbene) compounds,^[6] its existence has been questioned.^[7]

[10] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[11] Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 14.48. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.

[NUBASE2020-12] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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Template:Infobox beryllium

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