Toda language

Toda
Toda
தோடா
Native to	India
Region	Western Tamil Nadu state, Nilgiri Hills, near Ootacamund
Ethnicity	Toda people
Native speakers	1,600 (2001 census)
Language family	Dravidian Southern Southern I Tamil–Kannada Tamil–Kota Tamil–Toda Toda; ; ; ; ; ;
Writing system	unwritten; provisionally written in Tamil alphabet (Brahmic) and Latin[better source needed]
Language codes
ISO 639-3	tcx
Glottolog	toda1252
ELP	Toda
	Toda is classified as Critically Endangered according to the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Toda is a indigenous Dravidian language noted for its many fricatives and trills. It is spoken by the Toda people, a population of about one thousand who live in the Nilgiri Hills of southern India. The Toda language is considered to have originated from the Toda-Kota subgroup of South Dravidian. Krishnamurti (2003) does not consider the existence of a single Toda-Kota branch and says Kota split first and later Toda did as Kota doesn't have the centralized vowels of other Tamil-Toda languages.^[5]

^ Toda at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ ^a ^b "Did you know Toda is endangered?". Endangered Languages. Retrieved 12 January 2025.
^ Toda language and script, Omniglot.
^ Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (Report) (3rd ed.). UNESCO. 2010. p. 31.
^ Krishnamurti (2003).

[e18-1] Toda at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)

[ELP-2] "Did you know Toda is endangered?". Endangered Languages. Retrieved 12 January 2025.

[3] Toda language and script, Omniglot.

[4] Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (Report) (3rd ed.). UNESCO. 2010. p. 31.

[FOOTNOTEKrishnamurti2003-5] Krishnamurti (2003).

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Toda language

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