Back تريتينوين Arabic ترتینوئین AZB Tretinoin Czech Tretinoin Welsh Tretinoin German Τρετινοΐνη Greek Tretinoína Spanish ترتینوئین Persian Trétinoïne French Տրետինոին Armenian

Tretinoin

For the isomer of tretinoin used primarily to treat more severe acne, see Isotretinoin. For all-trans-retinoic acid as the metabolite of vitamin A, see Retinoic acid.

Tretinoin
Clinical data
PronunciationSee pronunciation note
Trade namesRetin-A, Avita, Renova, others
Other namesATRA
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
Topical Monograph
MedlinePlusa608032
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: X (High risk)/ (Oral); D (Topical)[1][2]
Routes of
administration		Topical, by mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding> 95%
Elimination half-life0.5–2 hours
Identifiers
  • (2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.005.573 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC20H28O2
Molar mass300.442 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point180 °C (356 °F)
  • CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC(=O)O)C)C
  • InChI=1S/C20H28O2/c1-15(8-6-9-16(2)14-19(21)22)11-12-18-17(3)10-7-13-20(18,4)5/h6,8-9,11-12,14H,7,10,13H2,1-5H3,(H,21,22)/b9-6+,12-11+,15-8+,16-14+ checkY
  • Key:SHGAZHPCJJPHSC-YCNIQYBTSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Tretinoin, also known as all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), is a medication used for the treatment of acne and acute promyelocytic leukemia.[8][9][10] For acne, it is applied to the skin as a cream, gel or ointment.[10] For acute promyelocytic leukemia, it is effective only when the RARA-PML fusion mutation is present[11] and is taken by mouth for up to three months.[8] Topical tretinoin is also the most extensively investigated retinoid therapy for photoaging.[12]

Common side effects when used as a cream are limited to the skin and include skin redness, peeling, and sun sensitivity.[10] When taken by mouth, side effects include hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, shortness of breath, headache, numbness, depression, skin dryness, itchiness, hair loss, vomiting, muscle pains, and vision changes.[8] Other severe side effects include high white blood cell counts and blood clots.[8] Use during pregnancy is contraindicated due to the risk of birth defects.[8][1] It is in the retinoid family of medications.[9]

Tretinoin was patented in 1957 and approved for medical use in 1962.[13] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[14] Tretinoin is available as a generic medication.[15] In 2022, it was the 238th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.[16][17]

  1. ^ a b "Tretinoin (Vesanoid) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 25 July 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  2. ^ "Tretinoin topical Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 1 July 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  3. ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  4. ^ Anvisa (31 March 2023). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 4 April 2023). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference OralLabel was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference TopicalLabel was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ "List of nationally authorised medicinal products:Active substance(s): tretinoin (oral formulations)" (PDF). ema.europa.eu. European Medicines Agency. 1 December 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 January 2023.
  8. ^ a b c d e "Tretinoin". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 30 November 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  9. ^ a b Tivnan A (2016). Resistance to Targeted Therapies Against Adult Brain Cancers. Springer. p. 123. ISBN 978-3-319-46505-0. Archived from the original on 5 November 2017.
  10. ^ a b c British national formulary : BNF 69 (69 ed.). British Medical Association. 2015. pp. 627, 821–822. ISBN 978-0-85711-156-2.
  11. ^ Yoshida H, Kitamura K, Tanaka K, Omura S, Miyazaki T, Hachiya T, et al. (July 1996). "Accelerated degradation of PML-retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML-RARA) oncoprotein by all-trans-retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia: possible role of the proteasome pathway". Cancer Research. 56 (13): 2945–2948. PMID 8674046.
  12. ^ "Retinoids, topical". American Osteopathic College of Dermatology.
  13. ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 476. ISBN 978-3-527-60749-5. Archived from the original on 5 November 2017.
  14. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  15. ^ "Tretinoin topical". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 16 May 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  16. ^ "The Top 300 of 2022". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 30 August 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
  17. ^ "Tretinoin Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022". ClinCalc. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
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