Type VII submarine

	U-995 Type VIIC/41 at the Laboe Naval Memorial near Kiel
Class overview
Name	Type VII
Builders	Neptun Werft, Rostock; Deschimag, Bremen; Germaniawerft, Kiel; Flender Werke, Lübeck; Danziger Werft, Danzig; Blohm & Voss, Hamburg; Kriegsmarinewerft, Wilhelmshaven; Nordseewerke, Emden; Schichau-Werke, Danzig,; Howaldtswerke AG, Kiel;
Operators	Kriegsmarine; Soviet Navy; Royal Norwegian Navy; Royal Navy; French Navy; Spanish Navy;
Preceded by	Type II
Succeeded by	Type IX (long-range complement); Type XXI (Late-war replacement);
Cost	4,189,000 ℛ︁ℳ︁
In commission	1936 – 1970 (G-7)
Completed	704
Preserved	1 (U-995)
General characteristics (Type VIIC)
Displacement	769 tonnes (757 long tons) surfaced; 871 t (857 long tons) submerged;
Length	67.10 m (220 ft 2 in) o/a; 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in) pressure hull;
Beam	6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) (o/a); 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) (pressure hull);
Height	9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draft	4.74 m (15 ft 7 in)
Propulsion	2 × supercharged 6-cylinder 4-stroke diesel engines totalling 2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 shp). Max rpm: 470–490
Speed	17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced; 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged;
Range	8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced; 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged;
Test depth	230 m (750 ft); Calculated crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft);
Complement	44–52 officers & ratings
Armament	5 × 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (4 bow, 1 stern); 14 × torpedoes or 26 TMA or 39 TMB mines; 1 × 8.8 cm SK C/35 naval gun with 220 rounds; Various antiaircraft weaponry;

Type VII U-boats were the most common type of German World War II U-boat. 703 boats were built by the end of the war. The lone surviving example, U-995, is on display at the Laboe Naval Memorial located in Laboe, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

At the start of the Second World War the Type VII class was together with the British U, S and T class and Dutch O 21 class one of the most advanced submarine classes in service.^[7]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Helgason, Guðmundur. "Type VIIC". U-Boat War in World War II. Uboat.net. Retrieved 10 February 2010.
^ Gröner, Erich (1990). German Warships 1815–1945. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. p. 77. ISBN 0-87021-790-9.
^ Poirier, Michel Thomas (20 October 1999). "Results of the German and American Submarine Campaigns of World War II". Archived from the original on 9 April 2008. The cost of a Type VII is estimated at US$2.25 million (equivalent to $30 million in 2023).
^ Cite error: The named reference Westwood9 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Möller, Eberhard; Brack, Werner (2004). The Encyclopedia of U-Boats. London: Chatham. pp. 69–73. ISBN 1-85367-623-3.
^ Campbell, John (1985). Naval Weapons of World War Two. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. p. 251. ISBN 0-87021-459-4.
^ van den Pol (1989), p. 352.

Cite error: There are <ref group=Note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=Note}} template (see the help page).

[Uboat.net-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Helgason, Guðmundur. "Type VIIC". U-Boat War in World War II. Uboat.net. Retrieved 10 February 2010.

[7] Gröner, Erich (1990). German Warships 1815–1945. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. p. 77. ISBN 0-87021-790-9.

[8] Poirier, Michel Thomas (20 October 1999). "Results of the German and American Submarine Campaigns of World War II". Archived from the original on 9 April 2008. The cost of a Type VII is estimated at US$2.25 million (equivalent to $30 million in 2023).

[Westwood9-9] Cite error: The named reference Westwood9 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[10] Möller, Eberhard; Brack, Werner (2004). The Encyclopedia of U-Boats. London: Chatham. pp. 69–73. ISBN 1-85367-623-3.

[11] Campbell, John (1985). Naval Weapons of World War Two. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. p. 251. ISBN 0-87021-459-4.

[12] van den Pol (1989), p. 352.

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Class overview
U-995 Type VIIC/41 at the Laboe Naval Memorial near Kiel
Name	Type VII
Builders	Neptun Werft, Rostock Deschimag, Bremen Germaniawerft, Kiel Flender Werke, Lübeck Danziger Werft, Danzig Blohm & Voss, Hamburg Kriegsmarinewerft, Wilhelmshaven Nordseewerke, Emden Schichau-Werke, Danzig,^[1] Howaldtswerke AG, Kiel
Operators	Kriegsmarine Soviet Navy^{[Note 1]} Royal Norwegian Navy^{[Note 2]} Royal Navy^{[Note 3]} French Navy^{[Note 4]} Spanish Navy^{[Note 5]}
Preceded by	Type II
Succeeded by	Type IX (long-range complement) Type XXI (Late-war replacement)
Cost	4,189,000 ℛ︁ℳ︁^[2]^[3]
In commission	1936 – 1970 (G-7)
Completed	704^[4]
Preserved	1 (U-995)
General characteristics (Type VIIC)
Displacement	769 tonnes (757 long tons) surfaced 871 t (857 long tons) submerged^[5]
Length	67.10 m (220 ft 2 in) o/a^[1] 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in) pressure hull^[1]
Beam	6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) (o/a)^[1] 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) (pressure hull)^[1]
Height	9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)^[1]
Draft	4.74 m (15 ft 7 in)^[1]
Propulsion	2 × supercharged 6-cylinder 4-stroke diesel engines totalling 2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 shp). Max rpm: 470–490^[1]
Speed	17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced^[1] 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged^[1]
Range	8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced^[1] 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged^[1]
Test depth	230 m (750 ft)^[1] Calculated crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft)^[1]
Complement	44–52 officers & ratings^[1]
Armament	5 × 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (4 bow, 1 stern)^[1] 14 × torpedoes or 26 TMA or 39 TMB mines 1 × 8.8 cm SK C/35 naval gun^[6] with 220 rounds Various antiaircraft weaponry

Type VII submarine

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