Back سناجب أرضية Arabic سناجب ارضيه ARZ Xerinae Breton Xerins Catalan Erdhörnchen German Xerinae Spanish Xerinae Basque خشکیسنجابیان Persian Xerinae French Grûniikhoarntsjes en Afrikaanske beamiikhoarntsjes Frisian
| Xerinae | |
|---|---|
| |
| South African ground squirrel (Xerus inauris) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Family: | Sciuridae |
| Subfamily: | Xerinae Osborn, 1910 |
| Tribes and genera | |
The Xerinae comprise a subfamily of squirrels, many of which are highly terrestrial. It includes the tribes Marmotini (marmots, chipmunks, prairie dogs, and other Holarctic ground squirrels), Xerini (African and some Eurasian ground squirrels), and Protoxerini (African tree squirrels).[1]
The Xerinae first originated in Eurasia but later dispersed to other parts of the world. One of which was Africa, where they traveled via land bridges in the Miocene period, leading to the emergence of Protoxerini and Xerini ground squirrel tribes. Many Xerinae also dispersed to North America during the early Oligocene era, and with the help of global cooling and the expansion of grasslands, resulted in the emergence of the Marmotini ground squirrel tribe.[2]
- ^ Thorington, R. W. and R. S. Hoffmann (2005). "Family Sciuridae". pp. 754–818 in Wilson, E. D. and Reeder, D. M. (eds.), Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Vol. 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
- ^ Ge, D. Y.; Liu, X.; Lv, X. F.; Zhang, Z. Q.; Xia, L.; Yang, Q. S. (2014). "Historical Biogeography and Body Form Evolution of Ground Squirrels (Sciuridae: Xerinae)". Evolutionary Biology. 41 (1): 99–114. Bibcode:2014EvBio..41...99G. doi:10.1007/s11692-013-9250-7.