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A zud, dzud (Mongolian: зуд), dzhut, zhut, djut, or jut (Kazakh: жұт, Kyrgyz: жут, Russian: джут) is a periodic disaster in steppe, semi-desert and desert regions in Mongolia and Central Asia[1] (including Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan)[2] in which large numbers of livestock die, primarily due to starvation, being unable to graze due to particular severe climatic conditions. Various kinds of zud are recognized, depending on the particular type of climatic conditions. In winter it may be caused by an impenetrable ice crust, and in summer it may happen due to drought.[3] The literal translation of the Kazakh word 'жұт' is "devourer".[4]
One-third of Mongolia's population depends entirely on pastoral farming for its livelihood,[5] which contributes to 80% of its agricultural output and 11% of the country's GDP.[3] Harsh zuds can cause economic crises and food security issues in the country.[6][2]
- ^ Bustanov, Alfrid (2015). Soviet Orientalism and the Creation of Central Asian Nations. New York: Routledge. p. 45. ISBN 9781138019225.
- ^ a b "The slow and deadly dzud in Mongolia". BBC News. 2016-05-14. Retrieved 2024-06-12.
- ^ a b "Heavy snows and drought of deadly 'dzud' kill more than 7 million head of livestock in Mongolia". AP News. 2024-06-12. Retrieved 2024-06-12.
- ^ Светлана КОВАЛЬСКАЯ, "Джут в казахской степи", January 22, 2018
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
NYTwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Mongolia: Harsh Winter Wiping Out Livestock, Stoking Economic Crisis for Nomads, Eurasianet, 1 April 2016