↑ a et b(en) Yalçın Murgul, Baku Expedition of 1917–1918 : A Study of the Ottoman Policy towards the Caucasus (Master’s Thesis), Department of History Bilkent University, (lire en ligne), p. 55.
↑(en) William Edward David Allen et Paul Muratoff, Caucasian Battlefields : A History of the Wars on the Turco-Caucasian Border 1828–1921, Cambridge University Press, , 690 p. (ISBN978-1-108-01335-2, présentation en ligne), p. 476.
↑(en) Caucasus Chronicles : Nation-Building and Diplomacy in Armenia, 1993–1994, , 180 p., p. 47.
↑Richard G. Hovanissian, The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times, New York, St. Martin's Press, , p. 299.
↑(en) Christopher Walker, ARMENIA : The Survival of a Nation, New York, St. Martin's Press, , 446 p. (ISBN0-7099-0210-7), p. 254.