Para-athletics

Para-athletics

classification in sports

Subclass of	athletics, paralympic sports, parasport
Sport	athletics
Practiced by	para athletics competitor, paralympic athletics coach

Para-athletics be de sport of athletics people plus disability practise as parasport. De athletics events within de parasport mostly be de same as those available to able-bodied people, plus two major exceptions insyd wheelchair racing den de club throw, wich be specific to de division. Dem know de sport by various names, wey dey include disability athletics, disabled track den field den Paralympic athletics. Dem fi bell top-level competitors elite athletes plus disability.^[1]

Dem dey typically organise competitors into three broad categories: deaf sports, athletes plus physical disability, den athletes plus intellectual disability. Deaf athletes typically dey compete among demaselves, while athletes plus physical den intellectual disabilities dey usually assess dem wey dem dey give dem para-athletics classification, wich dey group togeda athletes plus similar ability levels. Dese classifications dem govern by de International Paralympic Committee (IPC) wey dey comprise single letter den number: T give Track anaa F give Field, then number wey dey define de level of ability. Insyd competition, events fi take place between athletes of identical class if numbers be sufficient, otherwise range of similar classes fi compete insyd de same event.^[2] Dem fi use de Raza point score system insyd field events make e allow athletes of different abilities make dem directly compete.

International governance dey operate outsyd of de sport ein able-bodied governing body World Athletics (til 2019: IAAF) den instead dem divide am among those categories, plus deaf athletics oversee by de International Committee of Sports for the Deaf (CISS),^[3] para-athletics give de physical disabled principally dem govern by de World Para Athletics subcommittee of de IPC,^[4] den para-athletics give de intellectually disabled thru de International Sports Federation for Persons with Intellectual Disability (INAS).^[5] Der sanso be condition-specific organisations, such as de International Dwarf Sports Federation den International Athletics Association for Persons with Down Syndrome.^[6][7] Rules give de sport be adapted from those set forth by de World Athletics, plus de majority of rules give para-athletics be de same as those give able-bodied competitions, plus exceptions dat account give competitors dema abilities, such as visual signal instead of starting pistol insyd races give de deaf.^[8]

Paralympic athletics be one of de sports for de Paralympic Games since 1960,^[9][10] though deaf athletes den athletes plus intellectual disability dey compete separately for de Deaflympics den Special Olympics World Games, respectively. De three major sport-specific world championships give para-athletics be de World Para Athletics Championships, de World Deaf Athletics Championships den de INAS World Athletics Championships. Oda major para-athletics competitions dem dey host within de IWAS World Games den de INAS Global Games.^[11]

De name of de sport dem dey derive from portmanteau of de words Paralympic den athletics – de former term einself be portmanteau of de words paraplegic den Olympic, though now edey describe athletics give all disabilities. Sam para-athletics competitors (for particular deaf, visually impaired, den amputee athletes) sanso dey compete insyd de able-bodied division of de sport, though competitions plus mix of elite disabled den able-bodied athletes dem no typically class am as para-athletics.

1. ↑ Rees, L; Robinson, P; Shields, N (2019). "Media portrayal of elite athletes with disability - a systematic review". Disabil Rehabil. 41 (4): 374–381. doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1397775. PMID 29124974. S2CID 41665733.
2. ↑ "The History of Parasport". www.insidethegames.biz. 2012-09-12. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
3. ↑ "Athletics". www.ciss.org. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
4. ↑ "World Para Athletics News & Events". International Paralympic Committee. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
5. ↑ Athletics. INAS. Retrieved 2019-09-17.
6. ↑ "IWAS welcomes new International Dwarf Sports Federation events to World Games". www.insidethegames.biz. 2018-11-19. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
7. ↑ "Mission - iaads2018". www.iaads.info. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
8. ↑ Deaf Friendly Athletics Resource. England Athletics. Archived 2019-12-14 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2019-09-17.
9. ↑ Para- Athletics – History Archived 2012-05-31 at the Wayback Machine, Athletics Canada
10. ↑ About the Sport Archived 2012-06-25 at the Wayback Machine, IPC Athletics
11. ↑ INAS Global Games. INAS. Retrieved 2019-09-17.