Back سرطان الرأس والعنق Arabic Càncer de cap i coll Catalan Halskræft Danish Kopf-Hals-Karzinom German Head and neck cancer English Cáncer de cabeza y cuello Spanish سرطان‌های سر و گردن Persian Cancer des voies aérodigestives supérieures French סרטן ראש צוואר HE Գլխի և պարանոցի շրջանների քաղցկեղ Armenian

Ciwon Daji na Kai da Wuya

Ciwon Daji na Kai da Wuya
Description (en) Fassara
Iri organ system cancer (en) Fassara, head and neck neoplasms (en) Fassara, respiratory system cancer (en) Fassara
cuta
Field of study (en) Fassara oncology
Medical treatment (en) Fassara
Magani vinblastine (en) Fassara, methotrexate (en) Fassara, carboplatin (en) Fassara, docetaxel (en) Fassara, pilocarpine (en) Fassara, cisplatin (en) Fassara, hydroxycarbamide (en) Fassara, fluorouracil (en) Fassara da doxorubicin hydrochloride (en) Fassara
Identifier (en) Fassara
ICD-10 C07, C14, C32 da C33
ICD-9 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148 da 149
Disease Ontology ID DOID:11934

Ciwon daji na kai da wuya yana tasowa daga cikin lebe da rami na baki (Baki), larynx (makogwaro), glandan salivary, hanci, sinuses ko fatar fuska.[1] Mafi yawan nau'in ciwon daji na kai da wuya yana faruwa a cikin lebe, baki, da makogwaro.[1] Alamomin da suka fi yawa sun hada da ciwon da baya warkewa ko sauya murya.[2] Wasu na iya samun ciwon makogwaro wanda baya tafiya. A cikin wadanda ke da ci-gaban cuta, za a iya samun zubar jini da ba a saba gani ba, ciwon fuska, radasi ko kumburi, da kullun da ake gani a waje na wuya ko kuma rami na baki. Idan aka yi la’akari da wurin da waɗannan cututtukan daji suke, ana iya samun matsalar numfashi.[3]

Yawancin ciwon kansa na wuyansa yana haifar da amfani da barasa ko taba, ciki har da taba maras hayaki, tare da karuwar lokuta masu alaka da papillomavirus (HPV).[3][4] Sauran abubuwan hadari sun hada da kwayar cutar Epstein-Barr, betel quid, fallasa radiation, wasu abubuwan da ke faruwa a wurin aiki.[3] Kimanin kashi 90% an rarraba su azaman cututtukan daji na squamous cell.[5][4] An tabbatar da ganewar asali ta hanyar biopsy na nama.[3] Za'a iya tantance matakin mamaye nama da ke kewaye da yaduwa mai nisa ta hanyar hoton likita da gwajin jini .[3]

Rashin amfani da taba ko barasa na iya rage hadarin kansa da wuyansa.[4] Alurar rigakafin HPV na iya rage hadarin rayuwa ta kansa ta baki idan an sha kafin fara jima'i, amma tabbas ba za a iya saninsa ba sai a kusa da 2060.[6] Wannan saboda ciwon daji na oropharyngeal yana nunawa a cikin shekaru 4th - 6th na rayuwa, kuma wannan sabon maganin rigakafi ne. Yayin da nunawa a cikin yawan jama'a bai bayyana yana da amfani ba, tantance gungiyoyi masu hadari ta hanyar nazarin makogwaro na iya zama da amfani.[4] Ciwon kai da wuya sau da yawa ana warkewa idan an gano shi da wuri; duk da haka, sakamakon yawanci ba shi da kyau idan an gano shi a makare.[4] Jiyya na iya hadawa da hadin tiyata, maganin radiation, chemotherapy, da maganin da aka yi niyya.[3] Binciken da ya gabata da kuma maganin kansar kansa da wuyansa yana ba da hadarin haɓaka kansa na biyu da kansa na wuya ko sake dawowa.[3]

A duk duniya, cutar kansar kai da wuya ta haifar da sabbin cututtukan daji 650,000 da mutuwar 330,000 kowace shekara a matsakaici. A cikin 2018, ita ce ta bakwai mafi yawan cutar kansa a duniya tare da sabbin maganganu 890,000 da aka rubuta kuma 450,000 ke mutuwa daga cutar.[6] A Amurka, ciwon daji na kai da wuya yana da kashi 3% na duk cututtukan daji (matsakaicin sabbin bincike 53,000 a kowace shekara) da 1.5% na mutuwar ciwon daji.[7] Alkaluman na 2017 na duniya ya ambaci kansa da wuyansa kamar yadda yake wakiltar 5.3% na duk cututtukan daji (ba tare da cututtukan cututtukan fata wadanda ba melanoma ba).[8][1] Musamman ma, ciwon daji na kai da wuya na biyu zuwa barasa na yau da kullun ko shan taba yana raguwa a hankali yayin da kasa da jama'a ke shan taba.[6] Koyaya, ciwon daji na oropharyngeal mai alaka da HPV yana karuwa, musamman a cikin matasa a cikin kasashen yamma, wanda ake tunanin yana nuna canje-canje a cikin ayyukan jima'i na baka, musamman dangane da adadin abokan jima'i na baka.[6][1] Wannan karuwa tun daga shekarun 1970 ya fi shafar kasashe masu arziki da yawan maza.[9][10][1] Wannan ya faru ne saboda shaidun da ke nuna cewa yawan watsa kwayar cutar HPV daga mata zuwa maza ya fi maza zuwa mata, saboda sau da yawa mata suna da karfin rigakafi ga kamuwa da cuta.[1][11]

Yawan shekarun da aka saba a ganewar asali shine tsakanin shekaru 55 zuwa 65.[12] Matsakaicin rayuwa na shekaru 5 bayan ganewar asali a cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba shine 42-64%.[12][13]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Aupérin A (May 2020). "Epidemiology of head and neck cancers: an update". Current Opinion in Oncology. 32 (3): 178–186. doi:10.1097/CCO.0000000000000629. PMID 32209823. S2CID 214644380.
  2. ↑ "Oropharyngeal Cancer Treatment (Adult) (PDQ®)–Patient Version". National Cancer Institute (in Turanci). 22 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 "Head and Neck Cancers". NCI. 29 March 2017. Retrieved 7 February 2021.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 World Cancer Report 2014. World Health Organization. 2014. pp. Chapter 5.8. ISBN 978-9283204299.
  5. ↑ Vigneswaran N, Williams MD (May 2014). "Epidemiologic trends in head and neck cancer and aids in diagnosis". Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America. 26 (2): 123–141. doi:10.1016/j.coms.2014.01.001. PMC 4040236. PMID 24794262.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Chow LQ (January 2020). "Head and Neck Cancer". The New England Journal of Medicine. 382 (1): 60–72. doi:10.1056/nejmra1715715. PMID 31893516. S2CID 209482428.
  7. ↑ Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (January 2020). "Cancer statistics, 2020". Ca. 70 (1): 7–30. doi:10.3322/caac.21590. PMID 31912902.
  8. ↑ Fitzmaurice C, Abate D, Abbasi N, Abbastabar H, Abd-Allah F, Abdel-Rahman O, et al. (Global Burden of Disease Cancer Collaboration) (December 2019). "Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years for 29 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study". JAMA Oncology. 5 (12): 1749–1768. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.2996. PMC 6777271. PMID 31560378.
  9. ↑ Gillison ML, Castellsagué X, Chaturvedi A, Goodman MT, Snijders P, Tommasino M, et al. (February 2014). "Eurogin Roadmap: comparative epidemiology of HPV infection and associated cancers of the head and neck and cervix". International Journal of Cancer. 134 (3): 497–507. doi:10.1002/ijc.28201. PMID 23568556. S2CID 37877664.
  10. ↑ Gillison ML, Chaturvedi AK, Anderson WF, Fakhry C (October 2015). "Epidemiology of Human Papillomavirus-Positive Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 33 (29): 3235–3242. doi:10.1200/JCO.2015.61.6995. PMC 4979086. PMID 26351338.
  11. ↑ Giuliano AR, Nyitray AG, Kreimer AR, Pierce Campbell CM, Goodman MT, Sudenga SL, et al. (June 2015). "EUROGIN 2014 roadmap: differences in human papillomavirus infection natural history, transmission and human papillomavirus-related cancer incidence by gender and anatomic site of infection". International Journal of Cancer. 136 (12): 2752–2760. doi:10.1002/ijc.29082. PMC 4297584. PMID 25043222.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Oral Cavity and Pharynx Cancer". SEER. April 2016. Archived from the original on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 29 September 2016.
  13. ↑ Beyzadeoglu M, Ozyigit G, Selek U (2014). Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancers: A Case-Based Review (in Turanci). Springer. p. 18. ISBN 9783319104133. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10.
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