Back Аҩӡыбжьара Abkhazian Mesopotamië Afrikaans Mesopotamien ALS መስጴጦምያ Amharic Mesopotamia AN بلاد الرافدين Arabic ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ ARC منطقة بين النهرين ARZ মেচ'পটেমিয়া Assamese Mesopotamia AST
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Mesopotamia (Larabci: بِلَاد ٱلرَّافِدَيْن Bilād ar-Rāfidayn; Girkanci na dā: Μεσοποταμία; Classical Syriac: ܐܪܡ Ā ārām-Nahrīn ko ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪ̈ܝܢ Bēṯ Nahrīn) yanki ne na tarihi na Yammacin Asiya da ke cikin yankin Tigris-Euph, a arewacin bangaren jinni. Ta mamaye yankin Iraki na yanzu, da wasu sassan Iran, Turkiya, Syria da Kuwait.
Sumerians da Akkadians (gami da Assuriyawa da Babilawa) sun mamaye Mesopotamia daga farkon rubutaccen tarihin (c. 3100 BC) zuwa faɗuwar Babila a 539 BC, lokacin da Daular Achaemenid ta ci ta da yaƙi. Ya fada hannun Alexander the Great a 332 BC, kuma bayan mutuwarsa, ta zama wani bangare na Daular Seleucid ta Girka. Daga baya Suriyawa suka mamaye manyan sassan Mesofotamiya (c. 900 BC - 270 AD)
Kusan 150 BC, Mesopotamia yana ƙarƙashin ikon Daular Parthian. Mesofotamiya ya zama filin yaƙi tsakanin Romawa da Parthians, tare da Yammacin Mesofotamiya waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin ikon Roman. A AD 226, yankunan gabashin Mesofotamiya sun faɗi ga Farisa na Sassanid. Rabuwa da Mesopotamia tsakanin Roman (Byzantine daga AD 395) da Sassanid Empires ya ci gaba har zuwa ƙarni na 7 da Musulmai suka mamaye Farisa na Daular Sasanian da mamayar Musulmi na Levant daga Rumawa. Yawancin ƙasashen Neo-Assuriyawa da Kiristocin asalin Mesopotamia sun wanzu tsakanin ƙarni na 1 kafin haihuwar BC da ƙarni na 3 kafin haihuwar BC, gami da Adiabene, Osroene, da Hatra.
Mesopotamia shine farkon farkon cigaban Neolithic Revolution daga kusan 10,000 BC. An gano cewa yana da "wahayi zuwa ga wasu mahimman ci gaba a tarihin ɗan adam, gami da ƙirƙirar ƙarancin ƙafa, dasa shukokin farko na hatsi, da haɓaka rubutun kalmomin rubutu, lissafi, ilimin taurari, da aikin gona". An san shi da ɗayan farkon wayewar kai da ya taɓa wanzuwa a duniya.