Sankaran Nono

Sankaran Nono
Description (en)
Iri	thoracic cancer (en) , breast disease (en) , breast neoplasm (en) cuta
Field of study (en)	oncology
Symptoms and signs (en)	breast lump (en) , swelling (en) , irritation (en) , sore nipples (en) , nipple discharge (en) , Ciwon nono lump in chest (en)
Physical examination (en)	MammaPrint (en)
Genetic association (en)	MAP3K1 (en) , FGFR2 (en) , TOX3 (en) , MDM4 (en) , TERT (en) , PLCG2 (en) , ZNF365 (en) , PEX14 (en) , EBF1 (en) , MRTFA (en) , DIRC3 (en) , TGFBR2 (en) , TET2 (en) , ADAM29 (en) , TCF7L2 (en) , CCDC88C (en) , CDYL2 (en) , SLC4A7 (en) , ZMIZ1 (en) , PDE4D (en) , CHST9 (en) , NTN1 (en) , SYT6 (en) , PBX1 (en) , SIAH2 (en) , ERBB4 (en) , ESR1 (en) , LRMDA (en) , ROPN1L (en) , ZNF577 (en) , COL1A1 (en) , ABCC4 (en) , GRIK1 (en) , FBN1 (en) , AKT1 (en) da RBM10 (en)
Medical treatment (en)
Magani	ethinylestradiol (en) , fluoxymesterone (en) , vinblastine (en) , capecitabine (en) , dexrazoxane (en) , idarubicin (en) , methotrexate (en) , carboplatin (en) , paclitaxel (en) , mitoxantrone (en) , vinorelbine (en) , trastuzumab (en) , anastrozole (en) , toremifene (en) , letrozole (en) , exemestane (en) , epirubicin (en) , docetaxel (en) , tamoxifen (en) , diethylstilbestrol (en) , irinotecan (en) , cisplatin (en) , 17β-estradiol (en) , (RS)-cyclophosphamide (en) , chlorambucil (en) , methyltestosterone (en) , melphalan (en) , sargramostim (en) , leuprolide (en) , fulvestrant (en) , doxorubicin (en) , ifosfamide (en) , testolactone (en) , fluorouracil (en) , (RS)-aminoglutethimide (en) , megestrol (en) , goserelin acetate (en) , nandrolone (en) , neratinib (en) , tamoxifen (en) , vinorelbine (en) da eribulin (en)
Identifier (en)
ICD-10-CM	C50 da C50-C50
ICD-10	C50
OMIM	114480
DiseasesDB	1598
MedlinePlus	000913
eMedicine	000913
Disease Ontology ID	DOID:1612

Ciwon Kansa Na Nono sankarane ko ciwon daji da ke fitowa akan fatan nonon mata.^[1] Alamomin ciwon daji na nono na iya haɗawa da dunƙulewar cikin ƙirji, canjin siffar nono, lotsewa ko rami a fatan. ruwan da kuma ke fitowa daga kan nono, sabon jujjuyawar nono, ko facin fata ko ja.^[2]

kin masu yaɗuwar cutar mai nisa, ana iya samun ciwon ƙashi, kumburin ƙwayoyin lymph, ƙarancin numfashi, ko sauyawan launin fata zuwa rawaya.^[3]

Abubuwan haɗari da ke janyo ciwon nono sun haɗa da kiba, rashin motsa jiki, shan barasa, sauyin sassan jiki a yayin da kuma aka dena ala,ada,radiation tarihin ciwon daji na nono, da kuma tarihin iyali na ciwon nono. Kimanin kashi 5-10% na lokuta sun samo asali ne daga yanayin halittar da aka gada daga iyaye,^{[2] [4]} gami da BRCA1 da BRCA2 da sauransu.^[2] Ciwon daji na nono ya fi tasowa a cikin sel daga rufin bututun nono da lobules waɗanda ke ba wa waɗannan bututun madara.^[2] Ciwon daji da ke tasowa daga bututu ana kuma kiran su da turanci ductal carcinomas, yayin da waɗanda ke tasowa daga lobules an san su da lobular carcinomas. Akwai ire-iren ciwon daji na nono fiye da 18.^[2] Wasu, irin su ductal carcinoma in situ, suna tasowa daga raunukan da suka rigaya.^[2] Ana tabbatar da cutar kansar nono ta hanyar yin biopsy na abin da ya shafi nama (na nono).^[4] Da zarar an gano cutar, ana ƙara yin wasu gwaje-gwaje don sanin ko ciwon ya yadu fiye da nono da kuma hanyoyin za'a bi don magance su.^[2]

Akwai rudani sosai dangane da ma'auni na fa'ida da kuma lahani na gwajin cutar kansar nono. Wani bita da Cochrane ta gudanar a shekara ta 2013, ta gano cewa ba a sani ba idan gwajin mammographic ya fi cutarwa fiye da amfaninshi,^[5] a cewa yawancin matan da aka nuna suna da cutar ta hanyar gwajin daga bisani kuma ba su kamu ba. Acikin wani bincike da kungyar United States Preventive Services Task Force ta gudanae a shekara ta 2009, ta tabbatar da fa'idar gwajin ga 'yan shekaru 40, zuwa 70,^[6] sannan kuma kungiyar ta ba da shawarar gwaji duk bayan shekaru biyu ga mata 'yan shakera 50 zuwa 74.^[7] Ana iya amfani da magungunan Tamoxifen ko raloxifene a ƙoƙarin kariya daga ciwon sankarar nono ga waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. Aikin asibiti na cire nonon wani ma'aunin kariya ne ga mata masu cuta wadanda ke cikin hadarin gaske.^[8] Ga waɗanda aka gano cutar, ana iya amfani da hanyoyin kiwon lafiya da dama, ciki har da tiyata, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, da kuma targeted therapy. Nau'o'in tiyata sun bambanta daga tiyata don kiyaye nono zuwa Yanke nono - mastectomy. ^[9][10] Aikin gyaran nono na iya faruwa a lokacin tiyata ko kuma a wani lokaci na daban.^[10] Ga wadanda cutar sankara ta yadu zuwa wasu sassan jiki, ana yin yawancin magungunansu ne don inganta rayuwa da karin natsuwa.^[10]

Sakamakon ciwon nono sun bambanta dangane da nau'in ciwon dajin, girman cutar, da shekarun mutum. ^[11][12][13] Gwajin sauran rayuwa na shekaru biyar a Ingila da Amurka yana tsakanin 80, zuwa 90%. A ƙasashe masu tasowa, basu kai shekaru biyar sosai.^[14] A duniya baki daya, ciwon nono shine kan gaba acikin nau'in sankara da ke addabar mata, wanda ke da kashi 25% na daukakin cutar. A cikin shekara ta 2018, an amu sabbin ciwukan kusan miliyan 2 da sanadiyyar mutuwar mata 627,000.^[15] Ya fi yawa a ƙasashen da suka ci gaba kuma ya ninka sau 100, a cikin mata fiye da maza.^[11][16]

1. ↑ "Breast Cancer". NCI. January 1980. Archived from the original on 25 June 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2014.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6} "Breast Cancer Treatment (PDQ®)". NCI. 23 May 2014. Archived from the original on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2014.
3. ↑ Saunders C, Jassal S (2009). Breast cancer (1. ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. Chapter 13. ISBN 978-0-19-955869-8. Archived from the original on 25 October 2015.
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1} World Cancer Report 2014. World Health Organization. 2014. pp. Chapter 5.2. ISBN 978-92-832-0429-9.
5. ↑ Gøtzsche PC, Jørgensen KJ (June 2013). "Screening for breast cancer with mammography". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 6 (6): CD001877. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001877.pub5. PMC 6464778. PMID 23737396.
6. ↑ Nelson HD, Tyne K, Naik A, Bougatsos C, Chan B, Nygren P, Humphrey L (November 2009). "Screening for Breast Cancer: Systematic Evidence Review Update for the US Preventive Services Task Force [Internet]". U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Evidence Syntheses. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. PMID 20722173. Report No.: 10-05142-EF-1.
7. ↑ Siu AL (February 2016). "Screening for Breast Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement". Annals of Internal Medicine. 164 (4): 279–96. doi:10.7326/M15-2886. PMID 26757170
8. ↑ Siu AL (February 2016). "Screening for Breast Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement". Annals of Internal Medicine. 164 (4): 279–96. doi:10.7326/M15-2886. PMID 26757170.
9. ↑ "Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question". Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the ABIM Foundation. American College of Surgeons. September 2013. Archived from the original on 27 October 2013. Retrieved 2 January 2013.
10. ↑ ^{10.0 10.1 10.2} "Breast Cancer Treatment (PDQ®)". NCI. 26 June 2014. Archived from the original on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2014.
11. ↑ ^{11.0 11.1} "World Cancer Report" (PDF). International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 26 February 2011.
12. ↑ "SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Breast Cancer". NCI. Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
13. ↑ "Cancer Survival in England: Patients Diagnosed 2007–2011 and Followed up to 2012" (PDF). Office for National Statistics. 29 October 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2014.
14. ↑ World Cancer Report 2014. World Health Organization. 2014. pp. Chapter 1.1. ISBN 978-92-832-0429-9.
15. ↑ Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A (November 2018). "Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries". CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 68 (6): 394–424. doi:10.3322/caac.21492. PMID 30207593. S2CID 52188256.
16. ↑ "Male Breast Cancer Treatment". National Cancer Institute. 2014. Archived from the original on 4 July 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2014.