Wikipedia:IPA for Spanish

Consonants
IPA	Examples	English approximation
b	bestia; embuste; vaca; envidia	best
β	bebé; obtuso; vivir; curva ^[1]	between baby and bevy
d	dedo; cuando; aldaba	dead
ð	dádiva; arder; admirar ^[1]	this
f	fase; café ^[2]	face
ɡ	gato; lengua; guerra	got
ɣ	trigo; amargo; sigue; signo ^[1]	between a light go and ahold
ʝ	ayuno; poyo ^[1]	between beige and due in RP English
k	caña; laca; quise; kilo	scan
l	lino; alhaja; principal	lean
ʎ	llave; pollo ^[3]	roughly like million (merged with Template:IPAslink in most dialects)
m	madre; comer; campo; convertir ^[4]	mother
n	nido; anillo; anhelo; sin; álbum ^[4]	need
ɲ	ñandú; cabaña; enyesar ^[4]	roughly like canyon
ŋ	cinco; venga; conquista; enjambre ^[4]	sink
p	pozo; topo	spouse
r	rumbo; carro; honra; subrayo; amor ^[5]	trilled r
ɾ	caro; bravo; amor eterno ^[5]	ladder in American English
s	saco; casa; deshora; espita^[6] xenón	sack
θ	cereal; encima; zorro; enzima; paz ^[7]	thing (in central and northern Spain only; elsewhere, merged with Template:IPAslink)
t	tamiz; átomo	stand
tʃ	chubasco; acechar	choose
x	jamón; eje; reloj^[8] general; México	loch (pronounced [h] in many dialects; like ham)
z	isla; mismo; deshuesar ^[9]	prison
Marginal phonemes^[10]
IPA	Examples	English approximation
ʃ	Kirchner; Xirau; sherpa	shack
tɬ	tlapalería; cenzontle; Popocatépetl	somewhat like cattle
ts	Ertzaintza; abertzale; Pátzcuaro	cats

Vowels
IPA	Examples	English approximation
a	azahar	Barack Obama
e	vehemente	play (Yorkshire dialect)^[11]
i	dimitir; mío; y	see
o	boscoso	coat (Yorkshire dialect)^[12]
u	cucurucho; dúo	food

Semivowels^[13]
IPA	Examples	English approximation
j	aliada; cielo; amplio; ciudad	you
w	cuadro; fuego; Huila^[14] arduo	wine

Stress and syllabification
IPA	Examples	English approximation
ˈ	ciudad [θjuˈðað] / [sjuˈðað]	domain
ˌ	léelo [ˈleeˌlo]	intonation
.	mío [ˈmi.o]	moai

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 /b/, /d/, /ʝ/ and /ɡ/ are approximants ([β̞], [ð̞], [ʝ˕] [ɣ˕]; represented here without the undertacks) in all places except after a pause, after an /n/ or /m/, or—in the case of /d/ and /ʝ/—after an /l/, in which contexts they are stops [b, d, ɟʝ, ɡ], not dissimilar from English b, d, j, g.Template:Harvcol.
↑ The phoneme Template:IPAslink is often pronounced as [ɸ], with the lips touching each other rather than the front teeth.
↑ In metropolitan areas of the Iberian Peninsula and some Central American countries, /ʎ/ has merged into Template:IPAslink; the actual realization depends on dialect. In Rioplatense Spanish, it has become [ʃ] or [ʒ]. see yeísmo and (Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté 2003, p. 258) for more information.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 The nasal consonants /n, m, ɲ/ only contrast before vowels. Before consonants, they assimilate to the consonant's place of articulation. This is partially reflected in the orthography. Word-finally, only /n/ occurs.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 The rhotic consonants /ɾ/ ‹r› and /r/ ‹rr› only contrast between vowels. Otherwise, they are in complementary distribution as ‹r›, with [r] occurring word-initially, after /l/, /n/, and /s/, before consonants, and word-finally; [ɾ] is found elsewhere.
↑ For many speakers, /s/ may debuccalize or be deleted in the syllable coda (at the end of words and before consonants).
↑ In Andalusia, Canary Islands, and Latin America /θ/ has merged into Template:IPAslink; see seseo and (Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté 2003, p. 258) for more information.
↑ For many speakers, the ‹j› is silent at the end of a word, in which case reloj is pronounced [reˈlo].
↑ Allophone of /s/ before voiced consonants.
↑ The marginal phonemes are found in loanwords, largely from Basque, English, and Nahuatl.
↑ The Spanish /e/ doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of play (for most English dialects) and the vowel of bed; the Spanish vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.
↑ The Spanish /o/ doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of coat (for most English dialects) and the vowel of raw; the Spanish vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.
↑ In Spanish, the semivowels [w] and [j] can be combined with vowels to form rising diphthongs (e.g. cielo, cuadro). Falling diphthongs though; e.g. aire, rey, auto, are transcribed with Template:IPAslink and Template:IPAslink.
↑ Some speakers may pronounce word initial [w] with an epenthetic /g/; e.g. Huila [ˈgwila]~[ˈwila].

[Approximant-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 /b/, /d/, /ʝ/ and /ɡ/ are approximants ([β̞], [ð̞], [ʝ˕] [ɣ˕]; represented here without the undertacks) in all places except after a pause, after an /n/ or /m/, or—in the case of /d/ and /ʝ/—after an /l/, in which contexts they are stops [b, d, ɟʝ, ɡ], not dissimilar from English b, d, j, g.Template:Harvcol.

[2] The phoneme Template:IPAslink is often pronounced as [ɸ], with the lips touching each other rather than the front teeth.

[3] In metropolitan areas of the Iberian Peninsula and some Central American countries, /ʎ/ has merged into Template:IPAslink; the actual realization depends on dialect. In Rioplatense Spanish, it has become [ʃ] or [ʒ]. see yeísmo and (Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté 2003, p. 258) for more information.

[nasal-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 The nasal consonants /n, m, ɲ/ only contrast before vowels. Before consonants, they assimilate to the consonant's place of articulation. This is partially reflected in the orthography. Word-finally, only /n/ occurs.

[rhotic-5] 5.0 ^5.1 The rhotic consonants /ɾ/ ‹r› and /r/ ‹rr› only contrast between vowels. Otherwise, they are in complementary distribution as ‹r›, with [r] occurring word-initially, after /l/, /n/, and /s/, before consonants, and word-finally; [ɾ] is found elsewhere.

[6] For many speakers, /s/ may debuccalize or be deleted in the syllable coda (at the end of words and before consonants).

[7] In Andalusia, Canary Islands, and Latin America /θ/ has merged into Template:IPAslink; see seseo and (Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté 2003, p. 258) for more information.

[8] For many speakers, the ‹j› is silent at the end of a word, in which case reloj is pronounced [reˈlo].

[9] Allophone of /s/ before voiced consonants.

[10] The marginal phonemes are found in loanwords, largely from Basque, English, and Nahuatl.

[11] The Spanish /e/ doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of play (for most English dialects) and the vowel of bed; the Spanish vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.

[12] The Spanish /o/ doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of coat (for most English dialects) and the vowel of raw; the Spanish vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.

[Semivowel-13] In Spanish, the semivowels [w] and [j] can be combined with vowels to form rising diphthongs (e.g. cielo, cuadro). Falling diphthongs though; e.g. aire, rey, auto, are transcribed with Template:IPAslink and Template:IPAslink.

[14] Some speakers may pronounce word initial [w] with an epenthetic /g/; e.g. Huila [ˈgwila]~[ˈwila].

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Wikipedia:IPA for Spanish

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