Sarawak

Sarawak
Negeri
Sarawak Bumi Kenyalang Negeri Sarawak (Melayu)
Flag Coat of arms
Nickname:  Bumi Kenyalang[1]}
Motto(s):  Bersatu, Berusaha, Berbakti
Anthem: Ibu Pertiwiku[2]
Sarawak in    Malaysia
OpenStreetMap
Coordinates: 2°30′N 113°00′E / 02.5°N 113.0°E / 02.5; 113.0
Menua	Malaysia
Kesultanan Sarawak	1599
Raj Sarawak	24 September 1841
Penguasa Jipun	16 September 1941
Koloni Mahkota	1 Julai 1946
Pemeri perintah diri	22 Julai 1963[3][4]
Begabung nyadi Malaysia	16 September 1963[5][6]
Indu nengeri (enggau nengeri ke pemadu besai)	Kuching
Begian	List Betong Bintulu Kapit Kuching Limbang Miri Mukah Samarahan Sarikei Serian Sibu Sri Aman
Government
• Type	Parlimentari parti dominan demokrasi pengari
• Yang di-Pertua Negeri	Wan Junaidi Tuanku Jaafar
• Premier	Abang Johari Openg (GPS–PBB)
Legislatur	Legislative Assembly (82 seats)
Pengari federal	Parlimen Malaysia
• Kerusi Dewan Rayat	31 of 222 (14.0%)
• Kerusi Dewan Negara	2 of 70 (2.9%)
Pemesai [7]
• Total	124,450 km2 (48,050 sq mi)
Highest elevation (Bukit Murud)	2,424 m (7,953 ft)
Penyampau mensia  (2023)[8][9]
• Total	2,907,500 (5th)
• Pemadat	23/km2 (60/sq mi)
Demonym	Sarawakian
Jaku
• Resmi	Jaku Inggeris Jaku Melayu
• Other spoken	Iban Cina Bidayuh Melanau Kelabit jaku raban bansa minoriti
Demografik (2023)
• Raban bansa[10]	28.2% Iban 24.2% China 23.7% Melayu 7.6% Bidayuh 5.2% Melanau 5.5% Bumiputera ke bukai 0.6% Indian/Ke bukai 4.8% Ukai orang asal
• Pengarap[8]	50.1% Kristian 34.2% Islam Sunni 12.8% Buddha 0.2% Nadai pengarap 0.3% Hindu 0.1% Baháʼí 0.1% Ke bukai
Time zone	UTC+8 (JSM[11])
Kod pos	93xxx[12] to 98xxx[13]
Kod talipaun	082 to 086[14]
ISO 3166 code	MY-13
Vehicle registration	QA to QT[15]
HDI (2022)	0.824[16] very high · 5th
GDP (nominal)	2022
• Penyampau	$45.405 bilion (RM 199.786 bilion)[17] (3rd)
• Per kapita	$18,377 (RM 80,857)[17] (3rd)
GDP (PPP)	2022
• Penyampau	$88.709 bilion (3rd)
• Per kapita	$51,175 (3rd)
Tisi deriba	Kiba
Voltan elektrik	230 V, 50 Hz
Mata duit	Ringgit Malaysia (RM/MYR)
Website	Official website

Sarawak tu sebengkah ari dua negeri Malaysia ti ba Pulau Borneo. Sarawak nyadi negeri ti pemadu besai ba menua Malaysia laban pemesai negeri Sarawak deka sama enggau pemesai Semenanjung Malaysia. Sarawak ngembuan sempadan enggau Sabah ba Timur Laut, Kalimantan, Indonesia ba Selatan, enggau Brunei ba Barat Laut. Indu nengeri Kuching nyadi palan ekonomi enggau alai endur perintah nengeri Sarawak. Nitih ka pansik ba taun 2020, Sarawak bisi ngembuan penyampau 2,453,000 orang.^[18] Batang Rajang ianya sungai ka pemadu panjai ba Malaysia bisi ba negeri Sarawak; Tekat Ai Bakun , siti ari tekat ai ke pemadu besai ba Asia Tenggara, digaga ba anak sungai Batang Rajang, Sungai Balui. Gunung Murud nya punchak ka pengabis tinggi ba Sarawak. Sarawak nyadi siti-siti nya negeri ti ngembuan orang Kristian ti majoriti.^[19]

Endur ka paling tumu alai mensia diau ianya ba Gua Niah, ti dipekira umur lebih 40,000 tahun nyin suba. Bemacham kerimpak seramik Cina ti dipekira ari abad ke-8 enggau ke-13 udah ditemu ka ba alai arkeologis Santubong. Sepemanjai pantai Sarawak, kala dipegai Brunei ba abad ke-16. Ba taun 1839, James Brooke, seiku pelayar British, datai ba Sarawak. Iya enggau peturun iya, merintah menua Sarawak ari taun 1841 ngagai 1946. Lebuh maya Perang Dunya Ke-2, Sarawak diperintah Jipun sepengelama tiga taun. Sepengudah perang, Rajah Putih ti ka penudi, Charles Vyner Brooke, nyerahka Sarawak ngagai Britain. Ba 22 Julai 1963, Sarawak diberi British kuasa kena megai perintah kediri empu. Lalu, ba 16 September 1963, Sarawak bela enggau numbuhka Malaysia. Taja pan pia, penumbuh Malaysia dibangkang Indonesia, lalu ngujungka konfrantasi sepengelama tiga taun. Menua Malaysia seketegal deka ngurangka pengganas Komunis ti bepengujung ba taun 1990.

Tuai negeri ianya Gabenor, ti diberi nama, Yang di-Pertua Negeri, lalu tuai perintah menua Sarawak ianya Premier. Sarawak dipegai-urus ngagai begian, enggau pelilih menua, ti udah diatur nitihka Sistem Parlimen Westminister, sepengudah dipegai British. Nitihka Konstitusyen Malaysia, Sarawak ngembuan kuasa autonomi ti besar agi ari negeri ba Semenanjung Malaysia.

Ekonomi Sarawak kebendar agi lebih ba ekspot. Laban ti ngembuan asil asal ti mayuh, ekspot Sarawak suah agi ba minyak ngau gas, balak, enggau minyak kelapa sawit. Taja pan pia, Sarawak mega bisi sektor pembuatan, energi enggau dagang temuai. Sarawak ngembuan mayuh pupu bansa, adat, enggau jaku. Bansa ti bisi ba Sarawak iya nya, Iban, Melayu, China, Melanau, Bidayuh, enggau Orang Ulu. Jaku Inggeris enggau jaku Melayu bela nyadi jaku rasmi negeri; lalu Sarawak nadai ngembuan pengarap rasmi.

1. ↑ "Profil Negeri Sarawak (Sarawak State profile)". Jabatan Penerangan Malaysia (Malaysian Information Department). Archived from the original on 21 April 2015. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
2. ↑ "Sarawak State Anthem". Sarawak Government. Archived from the original on 7 September 2015. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
3. ↑ Ralat Lua pada baris 3162 di Modul:Citation/CS1: attempt to call field 'year_check' (a nil value).
4. ↑ Philip Mathews (28 February 2014). Chronicle of Malaysia: Fifty Years of Headline News, 1963–2013. Editions Didier Millet. p. 15. ISBN 978-967-10617-4-9.
5. ↑ "Malaysia Act 1963 (Chapter 35)" (PDF). The National Archives. United Kingdom legislation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
6. ↑ Ralat Lua pada baris 3162 di Modul:Citation/CS1: attempt to call field 'year_check' (a nil value).
7. ↑ "Sarawak @ a Glance". Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
8. ↑ ^{8.0 8.1} "Census Dashboard". Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Archived from the original on 12 November 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
9. ↑ Sim, Ashley (18 August 2022). "Malaysia Census 2020 reveals Sarawak's population totals 2.453 MLN, Kuching District accounts for 609,000". Dayak Daily. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
10. ↑ "Facts and Figures 2022". Retrieved 27 August 2021.Templat:Fix/category^{[dead link]}Templat:Cbignore Alt URL
11. ↑ "Facts of Sarawak". The Sarawak Government. Archived from the original on 23 July 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
12. ↑ "Postal codes in Sarawak". cybo.com. Archived from the original on 19 May 2019. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
13. ↑ "Postal codes in Miri". cybo.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
14. ↑ "Area codes in Sarawak". cybo.com. Archived from the original on 21 September 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
15. ↑ Soon, Teh Wei (23 March 2015). "Some Little Known Facts On Malaysian Vehicle Registration Plates". Malaysian Digest. Archived from the original on 8 July 2015. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
16. ↑ "Subnational Human Development Index (2.1) [Sarawak – Malaysia]". Global Data Lab of Institute for Management Research, Radboud University. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
17. ↑ ^{17.0 17.1} DOSM. "Department of Statistics Malaysia". www.dosm.gov.my. Retrieved 2023-09-11.
18. ↑ Sim, Ashley (18 Ogos 2022) "Malaysia Census 2020 reveals Sarawak's population totals 2.453 MLN, Kuching District accounts for 609,000" Dayak Daily. Diambi 18 September 2022.
19. ↑ UCA News Reporter (26 Julai 2022) Malaysia Christians pray for peace, equality, freedom