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Oke oke osimiri na-ebili
phenomenon
obere ụdị nkeincrease, ascent Dezie
ihu nkeOke oke osimiri Dezie
ihe kpatara yaokpomọkụ gburugburu ụwa, mgbanwe ihu igwe, Loss of habitat specialists despite conservation management in fen remnants 1995–2006 Dezie
nwere mmetụtaice calving Dezie

Ntụle ebili mmiri na-egosi na ịrị elu oke osimiri zuru ụwa ọnụ ugbu a malitere na mmalite narị afọ nke 20. N'agbata 1901 na 2018, oke oke osimiri zuru ụwa ọnụ bilitere site na 15–25 cm (6-10 na) . [1]mgwa mmutaziri ezi gbakọtara site na nha radar satịlaịtị na-ekpughe ịrị elu na-agbago nke 7.5 cm (3 na) site na 1993 ruo 2017, [2] : 1554 maka nkezi ọnụego nke  kwa afọ. Mmụba a na-abụkarị n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe, nke gụnyere ikpo ọkụ nke oke osimiri na agbaze nke mpempe akwụkwọ ice na glaciers nke dabere na ala. [3] N'agbata 1993 na 2018, mgbasawanye ọkụ nke mmiri nyere 42% aka elu oke osimiri; agbaze nke glaciers na -ekpo ọkụ, 21%; Greenland, 15%; na Antarctica, 8%. [2] : 1576 Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ahụ maka ihu igwe na-atụ anya ka ọnụego a ga-aga n'ihu n'ime narị afọ nke 21, yana nha ọhụrụ na-ekwu na ọkwa oke osimiri na-arị elu site na 3.6. mm kwa afọ.  : 62 [4]

Ịmepụta ọkwa oke osimiri n'ọdịnihu bụ ihe ịma aka, n'ihi mgbagwoju anya nke ọtụtụ akụkụ nke usoro ihu igwe na oge na-adaba na mmeghachi omume larịị oke osimiri na mgbanwe okpomọkụ ụwa. Ka nyocha ihu igwe n'ime ọkwa oke osimiri gara aga na nke ugbu a na-eduga n'ụdị kọmpụta ka mma, amụma na-abawanye ụba. N'afọ 2007, Òtù Na- ahụ Maka Mgbanwe Ihu Igwe (IPCC) kwadoro atụmatụ njedebe dị elu nke 60 . site na 2099, mana akụkọ 2014 ha welitere atụmatụ njedebe dị elu ruo ihe dị ka 90 cm (3 ft) . [5] Ọtụtụ nnyocha e mesịrị kwubiri na ọkwa oke osimiri zuru ụwa ọnụ na-arị elu nke 200–270 cm (6 ft 7 n'ime - 8 ft 10 na) narị afọ a "nwere ezi uche n'ụzọ anụ ahụ". [6] [2] Atụmatụ echedoro anya nke amụma ogologo oge bụ na ogo Celsius ọ bụla nke ịrị elu okpomọkụ na-ebute oke oke osimiri dị ihe dịka mit 2.3 (4.2). Ft/degree Fahrenheit ) n'ime oge nke puku afọ abụọ (afọ 2,000): ihe atụ nke inertia ihu igwe . [7] Na Febụwarị 2021, akwụkwọ e bipụtara na Ocean Science tụrụ aro na amụma gara aga maka oke oke osimiri zuru ụwa ọnụ site na 2100 nke IPCC kọrọ nwere ike bụrụ ihe nchekwa, na ọkwa oke osimiri ga-ebili karịa ka a tụrụ anya na mbụ. [8]

Ọkwa mmiri agaghị ebili n'otu ebe n'ụwa, ọ ga-adabakwa ntakịrị n'ebe ụfọdụ, dị ka Arctic . [9] Ihe ndị dị na mpaghara gụnyere mmetụta tectonic na mbelata nke ala, tides, iyi na oké ifufe. Ọkwa oke osimiri nwere ike imetụta ndị mmadụ na mpaghara oke osimiri na agwaetiti. A na-atụ anya idei mmiri zuru ebe niile site n'ọtụtụ ogo okpomọkụ na-adịgide ruo ọtụtụ puku afọ. Mmetụta ndị ọzọ bụ oke mmiri ozuzo na oke tsunami dị ize ndụ, nchụpụ nke ndị mmadụ, mfu na mmebi nke ala ugbo na mmebi n'ime obodo. [10] [11] A na-emetụtakwa gburugburu eke dị ka ihe ndị dị n'ime mmiri, ebe azụ, nnụnụ na osisi na-efunarị akụkụ nke ebe obibi ha. [12]

Ndị obodo nwere ike ime mgbanwe maka ịrị elu oke osimiri n'ụzọ atọ dị iche iche: mejuputa nlọghachi azụ jisiri ike, nabata mgbanwe n'ụsọ oké osimiri, ma ọ bụ chebe megide ịrị elu oke osimiri site na omume siri ike dị ka mgbidi mmiri ma ọ bụ ụzọ dị nro dị ka mmezigharị dune na nri n'akụkụ mmiri . Mgbe ụfọdụ atumatu mmeghari ndị a na-aga aka, mana n'oge ọzọ, a ga-eme nhọrọ n'etiti atụmatụ dị iche iche. [13] Maka ụfọdụ gburugburu ụmụ mmadụ, dị ka nke a na-akpọ obodo ndị na-emikpu mmiri, ime mgbanwe na ịrị elu oke osimiri nwere ike ịba ụba site na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi ndị ọzọ dị ka subsidence . Usoro ihe ndị e kere eke na-adaba n'oke oke osimiri site n'ịkwaga n'ime ala; agbanyeghị, ha nwere ike ọ gaghị enwe ike ime ya mgbe niile, n'ihi ihe mgbochi eke ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi. [14]

  1. ↑ IPCC (2021). "Summary for Policymakers", Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named WCRP2018
  3. ↑ Mengel (8 March 2016). "Future sea level rise constrained by observations and long-term commitment". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113 (10): 2597–2602. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1500515113. PMID 26903648. 
  4. ↑ Chapter 4: Sea Level Rise and Implications for Low-Lying Islands, Coasts and Communities — Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate. Retrieved on 2021-04-18.
  5. ↑ Mooney. "Scientists keep upping their projections for how much the oceans will rise this century", The Washington Post.
  6. ↑ Bamber (June 4, 2019). "Ice sheet contributions to future sea-level rise from structured expert judgment". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116 (23): 11195–11200. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1817205116. PMID 31110015. 
  7. ↑ USGCRP (2017). "Climate Science Special Report. Chapter 12: Sea Level Rise.": 1–470. Retrieved on 2018-12-27. 
  8. ↑ Grinsted (2021-02-02). "The transient sensitivity of sea level rise" (in English). Ocean Science 17 (1): 181–186. DOI:10.5194/os-17-181-2021. ISSN 1812-0784. 
  9. ↑ The strange science of melting ice sheets: three things you didn't know. The Guardian (12 September 2018).
  10. ↑ Sea level to increase risk of deadly tsunamis. UPI (2018).
  11. ↑ Holder. "The three-degree world: cities that will be drowned by global warming", The Guardian, 3 November 2017. Retrieved on 2018-12-28.
  12. ↑ Sea Level Rise. National Geographic (January 13, 2017).
  13. ↑ Thomsen (2012). "Adaptation or Manipulation? Unpacking Climate Change Response Strategies". Ecology and Society 17 (3). DOI:10.5751/es-04953-170320. 
  14. ↑ Sea level rise poses a major threat to coastal ecosystems and the biota they support. birdlife.org. Birdlife International (2015).
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