Back Xhosa Afrikaans झोसा भाषा ANP اللغة الكوسية Arabic الكوسيه ARZ Idioma xhosa AST Xosa dili Azerbaijani Кхоса (език) Bulgarian খোসা ভাষা Bengali/Bangla Xhosaeg Breton Xosa Catalan
| Xhosa | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| isiXhosa | |||||||
| Sebutan | Templat:IPA-xh | ||||||
| Asli kepada | Afrika Selatan | ||||||
| Kawasan | Eastern Cape Western Cape southern parts of Free State eastern parts of Gauteng southern parts of KwaZulu-Natal eastern parts of Cape Timur | ||||||
| Etnik | Orang Xhosa | ||||||
Penutur bahasa | 8.2 juta (2020 Mac 2008)e18 11 juta penutur L2 (2002)[1] isiXhosa is one of the official languages of post-apartheid South Africa. | ||||||
| Dialek/loghat |
| ||||||
| Latin (Xhosa alphabet) Xhosa Braille Ditema tsa Dinoko | |||||||
| Signed Xhosa[2] | |||||||
| Status rasmi | |||||||
Bahasa rasmi di |  Afrika Selatan Zimbabwe | ||||||
| Kod bahasa | |||||||
| ISO 639-1 | xh | ||||||
| ISO 639-2 | xho | ||||||
| ISO 639-3 | xho | ||||||
| Glottolog | xhos1239 | ||||||
S.41[3] | |||||||
| Linguasphere | 99-AUT-fa incl. | ||||||
 Proportion of the South African population that speaks Xhosa at home
0–20%
20–40%
40–60%
60–80%
80–100% | |||||||
Xhosa (/ˈkɔːsə, ˈkoʊsə/,[4][5][6] sebutan Xhosa: [kǁʰóːsa]) juga isiXhosa sebagai endonim, ialah bahasa Nguni dan salah satu bahasa rasmi Afrika Selatan dan Zimbabwe.[7][8] Xhosa dituturkan sebagai bahasa pertama oleh kira-kira 8.2 juta orang dan oleh 11 lagi juta sebagai bahasa kedua di Afrika Selatan, kebanyakannya di Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Gauteng dan Northern Cape. Ia mungkin mempunyai beban fungsi paling berat bagi konsonan klik dalam bahasa Bantu (kira-kira terikat dengan Yeyi), dengan satu kiraan mendapati bahawa 10% daripada item perbendaharaan kata asas mengandungi satu klik.[9]
- ^ Webb, Vic (2002). Language in South Africa: the role of language in national transformation, reconstruction and development. Impact: Studies in language and society. m/s. 78. ISBN 978-9-02721-849-0.
- ^ Aarons, Debra & Reynolds, Louise (2003). "South African Sign Language: Changing Policies and Practice". Dalam Leila, Monaghan (penyunting). Many Ways to be Deaf: International Variation in Deaf Communities. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet University Press. m/s. 194–210. ISBN 978-1-56368-234-6.
- ^ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. Senarai Guthrie yang Dikemas kini Dalam Talian
- ^ "Xhosa – Definition and pronunciation". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries. Oxford University Press. Dicapai pada 16 April 2014.
- ^ "Xhosa – pronunciation of Xhosa". Macmillan Dictionary. Macmillan Publishers Limited. Dicapai pada 16 April 2014.
- ^ Bauer, Laurie (2007). The Linguistics Student's Handbook. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-74862-759-2.
- ^ "Xhosa alphabet, pronunciation and language". www.omniglot.com. Dicapai pada 2017-07-06.
- ^ "Constitution of Zimbabwe (final draft)" (PDF). Kubatana.net. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2013-10-02.
The following languages, namely Chewa, Chibarwe, English, Kalanga, Koisan, Nambya, Ndau, Ndebele, Shangani, Shona, sign language, Sotho, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, and Xhosa are the officially recognised languages of Zimbabwe.
- ^ See Sands, Bonny; Gunnink, Hilde (2019). "Clicks on the fringes of the Kalahari Basin Area". Dalam Clem, Emily; Jenks, Peter; Sande, Hannah (penyunting). Theory and Description in African Linguistics: Selected Papers from the 47th Annual Conference on African Linguistics. Berlin: Language Science Press. m/s. 703–724. doi:10.5281/zenodo.3365789. ISBN 978-3-96110-205-1.