Vegetarian

Vegetarianisme ialah amalan pemakanan yang mengecualikan segala daging haiwan termasuk ternakan, buruan, ikan, kerang-kerangan atau krustasia serta keluaran sampingan penyembelihan^[2]^[3]^[4] sambil menumpukan kepada hasil berasaskan sayuran dan tumbuhan (vegetarian atau mayur, dari makan sayur) sebagai ganti.^[3] Sebab-sebab memilih amalan vegetarian boleh berkaitan dengan moral, agama, budaya, etika, estetik, persekitaran, masyarakat, ekonomi, politik, citarasa, atau kesihatan.

Terdapat beberapa jenis pemakanan vegetarian ini, termasuk yang mengecualikan telur dan/atau mana-mana keluaran usaha haiwan seperti tenusu dan madu. Contohnya, amalan vegan mengecualikan kesemua produk haiwan dari pemakanan. Mengikut takrif yang lebih ketat, produk haiwan tidak digunakan sebagai pakaian juga, sama ada penghasilan pakaian atau benda-benda seumpamanya melibatkan nyawa haiwan atau tidak (tenusu, telur, madu, bulu, sutera, bulu kapas, dsb).^[5]

Pengambilan jenis makanan vegetarian didapati memuaskan keperluan khasiat untuk semua peringkat umur sepertimana pemakanan biasa berdaging jika dirancang dengan baik.^[6] Kajian-kajian selidik berskala besar telah membuktikan bahawa amalan vegetarian memanjangkan umur, menyihatkan badan, dan banyak mengurangkan risiko barah dan penyakit-penyakit lain.^[7]

^ Datta, P. T. Jyothi (September 4, 2001). "Health goes dotty with brown eggs & green milk". Hindu Business Line. New Delhi: Kasturi & Sons (diterbitkan September 5, 2001). Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada March 19, 2018. Dicapai pada March 18, 2018. For discerning consumers, a recent Health Ministry notification had made it mandatory for packed food containing animal parts contained in a box, to sport a brown dot prominently on its label.
^ "Definition from vegsoc.org". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 1999-11-28. Dicapai pada 2008-01-19.
^ ^a ^b "What is a vegetarian?". Vegetarian Society. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada March 18, 2018. Dicapai pada March 18, 2018. A vegetarian is someone who lives on a diet of grains, pulses, legumes, nuts, seeds, vegetables, fruits, fungi, algae, yeast and/or some other non-animal-based foods (e.g. salt) with, or without, dairy products, honey and/or eggs. A vegetarian does not eat foods that consist of, or have been produced with the aid of products consisting of or created from, any part of the body of a living or dead animal.
^ "Why Avoid Hidden Animal Ingredients?". North American Vegetarian Society. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada March 18, 2018. Dicapai pada March 18, 2018. Surprisingly, some people who consider themselves vegetarian continue to consume products that contain remains of slaughtered animals such as gelatin (made from ground-up skin and bones, found in Jell-O, supplement capsules, and photographic film) and rennet (made from the lining of calves' stomachs, used to coagulate hard cheese). Some of these people may be unaware that these hidden animal ingredients even exist. Others know about them but feel that they are just minor components of a product, and that their presence is therefore not important. [...] Many people who do not eat meat for ethical reasons do use animal by-products that are obtained while the animals are still alive. Dairy is a good example, as many vegetarians who consume it rationalize their behavior by pointing out that cows are not killed in order to provide humans with this particular by-product.
^ dictionary definition of 'Vegan'
^ "Vegetarian and vegan eating | Better Health Channel". Betterhealth.vic.gov.au. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada April 2, 2015. Dicapai pada March 31, 2015.
^ "Vegetarian Diets". American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2016-01-26. Dicapai pada 2007-12-29.

[1] Datta, P. T. Jyothi (September 4, 2001). "Health goes dotty with brown eggs & green milk". Hindu Business Line. New Delhi: Kasturi & Sons (diterbitkan September 5, 2001). Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada March 19, 2018. Dicapai pada March 18, 2018. For discerning consumers, a recent Health Ministry notification had made it mandatory for packed food containing animal parts contained in a box, to sport a brown dot prominently on its label.

[2] "Definition from vegsoc.org". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 1999-11-28. Dicapai pada 2008-01-19.

[vegsoc.org-3] "What is a vegetarian?". Vegetarian Society. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada March 18, 2018. Dicapai pada March 18, 2018. A vegetarian is someone who lives on a diet of grains, pulses, legumes, nuts, seeds, vegetables, fruits, fungi, algae, yeast and/or some other non-animal-based foods (e.g. salt) with, or without, dairy products, honey and/or eggs. A vegetarian does not eat foods that consist of, or have been produced with the aid of products consisting of or created from, any part of the body of a living or dead animal.

[navs-online.org-4] "Why Avoid Hidden Animal Ingredients?". North American Vegetarian Society. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada March 18, 2018. Dicapai pada March 18, 2018. Surprisingly, some people who consider themselves vegetarian continue to consume products that contain remains of slaughtered animals such as gelatin (made from ground-up skin and bones, found in Jell-O, supplement capsules, and photographic film) and rennet (made from the lining of calves' stomachs, used to coagulate hard cheese). Some of these people may be unaware that these hidden animal ingredients even exist. Others know about them but feel that they are just minor components of a product, and that their presence is therefore not important. [...] Many people who do not eat meat for ethical reasons do use animal by-products that are obtained while the animals are still alive. Dairy is a good example, as many vegetarians who consume it rationalize their behavior by pointing out that cows are not killed in order to provide humans with this particular by-product.

[5] tionary definition of 'Vegan'

[6] "Vegetarian and vegan eating | Better Health Channel". Betterhealth.vic.gov.au. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada April 2, 2015. Dicapai pada March 31, 2015.

[7] "Vegetarian Diets". American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2016-01-26. Dicapai pada 2007-12-29.

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Vegetarian

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