Dambo la Shasta

Dambo la Shasta (lotchedwa Kennett Dam lisanamangidwe)^[1] ndi damu lokoka miyala ya konkriti kuwoloka Mtsinje wa Sacramento kumpoto kwa California ku United States. Pamtunda wokwana mamita 183, ndi damu lachisanu ndi chitatu lalitali kwambiri ku United States. Ili kumpoto chakumpoto kwa Sacramento Valley, Dambo la Shasta limapanga Nyanja ya Shasta kuti isungire madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, kuwongolera kusefukira kwamadzi, magetsi ndi kuteteza chitetezo chamadzi amchere. Dziwe lalikulu kwambiri m'bomalo, Shasta Lake limatha kukhala ndi ma 5,600 GL.^[2][3]

Akuganiziridwa koyambirira kwa 1919 ngati kuyesetsa kusunga, kuwongolera, kusunga, ndi kugawira madzi ku Central Valley, dera lalikulu laulimi ku California, Shasta adavomerezedwa koyamba m'ma 1930 ngati boma. Komabe, zomangira sizinagulitsidwe chifukwa cha kuyambika kwachuma chachikulu ndipo Shasta adasamutsidwa kupita ku feduro Bureau of Reclamation ngati ntchito yaboma. Ntchito yomanga idayamba mwakhama mu 1937 moyang'aniridwa ndi Chief Injiniya a Frank Crowe. Pakumanga kwake, dziwe limapereka ntchito zikwi zambiri zofunika; adamaliza miyezi makumi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi chimodzi isanakwane mu 1945. Atamalizidwa, dziwe linali lachiwiri kutalika kwambiri ku United States pambuyo pa Hoover ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwamipangidwe yayikulu kwambiri ya uinjiniya.

Ngakhale isanaperekedwe, Shasta Dam idagwira gawo lofunikira pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse yopereka magetsi ku mafakitale aku California, ndipo ikadali ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera magwero amadzi aboma masiku ano. Komabe, zasintha kwambiri zachilengedwe ndi zachilengedwe za Mtsinje wa Sacramento ndikusefukira kwa mafuko opatulika a Amwenye Achimereka. M'zaka zaposachedwa, pakhala kutsutsana pazokweza dziwe kapena ayi kuti alolere kusungitsa madzi ndikupanga magetsi, lingaliro lomwe otsutsana ndi mafuko ndi akatswiri azachilengedwe adakumana nalo chifukwa chakusokonekera kwamadzi kuchokera mumtsinje womwe nsomba zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha kuphatikizapo mitundu ya nsomba.

1. ↑ "Shasta Dam---Bureau of Reclamation Historic Dams, Irrigation Projects, and Powerplants--Managing Water in the West". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
2. ↑ "Shasta Dam". Water Education Foundation. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
3. ↑ "Dams Owned and Operated by Federal Agencies" (PDF). California Department of Water Resources, Division of Safety of Dams. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 5, 2012. Retrieved January 2, 2013.