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| Basque | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| euskara | ||||
| Pronunciation | IPA: [eus̺ˈkaɾa] | |||
| Native tae | Spain, Fraunce | |||
| Region | Basque Kintra, Basque diaspora. | |||
| Ethnicity | Basque | |||
Native speakers | 750,000 [1] (2016) 1,185,500 passive speakers | |||
Early forms | ||||
| Dialects | ||||
| Basque alphabet (Laitin script) Basque Braille | ||||
| Offeecial status | ||||
Offeecial leid in |  Basque Autonomous Commonty Navarre | |||
Recognised minority leid in | ||||
| Regulatit bi | Euskaltzaindia | |||
| Leid codes | ||||
| ISO 639-1 | eu | |||
| ISO 639-2 | baq (B) eus (T) | |||
| ISO 639-3 | eus | |||
| Glottolog | basq1248[2] | |||
| Linguasphere | 40-AAA-a | |||
 Schematic dialect auries o Basque. Licht-coloured dialects are extinct. See dialects ablo for details. | ||||
 Basque speakers + passive speakers (2011).
| ||||
Basque (Basque: euskara, pronounced [eus̺kaɾa]) is the ancestral leid o the Basque fowk, who inhabit the Basque kintra, a region spannin an aurie in northeastren Spain an soothwastren Fraunce. It is spaken bi 25.7% o Basques in aw territories (665,800 oot o 2,589,600).[3] O thir, 614,000 live in the Spaingie pairt o the Basque kintra an the remainin 51,800 live in the French pairt.[3]
In academic discussions o the distribution o Basque in Spain an Fraunce, it is customary tae refer tae three auncient provinces in Fraunce an fower Spaingie provinces. Native speakers are concentratit in a contiguous aurie includin pairts o the Spaingie Autonomous Communities o the Basque Autonomous Commonty (Spaingie: País Vasco; Euskara: Euskadi) an Navarre an in the wastren hauf o the French Département o Pyrénées-Atlantiques. The Autonomous Commonty o País Vasco/Euskadi is an admeenistrative entity athin the binational ethnographic Basque Kintra incorporatin the traditional Spaingie provinces o Biscay, Gipuzkoa, an Álava, which retain thair existence as politico-admeenistrative diveesions.
Thir provinces an mony auries o Navarre are hivily populatit bi ethnic Basques, but the Euskara leid haed, at least till the 1990s, aw but disappeared frae maist o Álava, wastren pairts o Biscay an central an soothren auries o Navarre. In soothwastren Fraunce, the auncient Basque-populatit provinces wur Labourd, Lawer Navarre, an Soule. Thay an ither regions wur consolidatit intae a single département back in 1790 unner the name Basses-Pyrénées, which name persisted till 1969.
A standardized form o the Basque leid, cawed Euskara Batua, wis developed bi the Basque Language Academy in the late 1960s. Euskara Batua is mainly uised in the Spaingie Basque Kintra. In Fraunce the Basque leid schuil Seaska an the association for a bilingual schoolin Ikasbi meet a wide range o Basque leid educational needs up tae the Saxt Form, while aften strugglin tae surmount financial an admeenistrative constraints.
Apairt frae this staundardized version, thare are sax main Basque dialects, correspondin tae the abuin mentioned historic provinces populatit bi Basques: Bizkaian, Gipuzkoan, an Upper Navarrese in Spain an Lower Navarrese, Lapurdian, an Zuberoan (in Fraunce). Housomeivver, the dialect boondars are no congruent wi poleetical boondars.
- ↑ (in French) VI° Enquête Sociolinguistique en Euskal herria (Communauté Autonome d'Euskadi, Navarre et Pays Basque Nord) Archived 2018-08-21 at the Wayback Machine (2016).)
- ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Basque". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ↑ a b IV. Inkesta Soziolinguistikoa Gobierno Vasco, Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco 2008, ISBN 978-84-457-2775-1