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Wales Cymru | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Location o Wales (dark green) – on the European continent (green & dark grey) | |
| Status | Kintra |
| Caipital and largest city | Cairdiff (Caerdydd) Coordinates: 52°18′N 3°36′W / 52.3°N 3.6°W |
| Offeecial leids | |
| Demonym(s) | Welsh (Cymry) |
| Govrenment | Devolved pairlamentar legislatur within pairlamentar constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | |
| Pairlament o the Unitit Kinrick | |
| Rishi Sunak | |
| Simon Hart | |
| 40 MPs (o 650) | |
| Legislatur | |
| Formation | |
• Unification bi Gruffydd ap Llywelyn | 1057[2] |
| 3 Mairch 1284 | |
| 1535 | |
| 31 Julie 1998 | |
| Aurie | |
• Total | 20,779 km2 (8,023 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2011 census | 3,063,456 |
• Density | 148/km2 (383.3/sq mi) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2014[6] estimate |
• Tot | £54 billion |
• Per capita | £18,000 |
| Currency | Poond sterling (GBP) |
| Time zone | UTC (GMT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (BST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (AD) |
| Drivin side | caur |
| Cawin code | +44 |
| ISO 3166 code | GB-WLS |
Wabsteid www | |
Wales (Welsh: Cymru [ˈkəm.rɨ] (
listen)) is a kintra that is pairt o the Unitit Kinrick an the island o Great Breetain.[7] It is mairchit bi Ingland tae the east, the Erse Sea tae the north an wast, an the Bristol Channel tae the sooth. It haed a population in 2011 o 3,063,456 an haes a tot aurie o 20,779 km2 (8,023 sq mi). Wales haes ower 1,680 mile (2,700 km) o coastline an is lairgely moontainous, wi its heicher peaks in the north an central auries, includin Snowdon (Yr Wyddfa), its heichest summit. The kintra lees within the north temperate zone an haes a cheengeable, maritime climate.
Welsh naitional identity kythed amang the Celtic Britons efter the Roman widrawal frae Britain in the 5t century, an Wales is regairdit as ane o the modren Celtic naitions. Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's daith in 1282 merkit the completion o Edward I o Ingland's conquest o Wales, tho Owain Glyndŵr briefly sturkent unthirldom tae Wales in the early 15t century. The hale o Wales wis annexed bi Ingland an incorporate within the Inglis legal seestem unner the Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542. Distinctive Welsh politics developit in the 19t century. Welsh Leeberalism, exemplifeed in the early 20t century bi Lloyd George, wis displaced bi the growthe o socialism an the Labour Pairty. Welsh naitional feelin growed ower the century; Plaid Cymru wis formed in 1925 an the Welsh Leid Society in 1962. Established unner the Government o Wales Act 1998, the Naitional Assembly for Wales hauds responsibeelity for a range o devolved policy matters.
At the dawn o the Industrial Revolution, development o the minin an metallurgical industries transformed the kintra frae an agricultural society intae an industrial naition; the South Wales Coalfield's exploitation gart a fest waxin o Wales' population. Twa-thirds o the population leeve in sooth Wales, mainly in an aroond Cairdiff (the caipital), Swansea an Newport, an in the naurhaun valleys. Nou that the kintra's tradeetional howkin an hivy industries hae gane or is dwynin, Wales' economy depends on the public sector, licht an service industries an tourism. Wales' 2010 gross vailyie addit (GVA) wis £45.5 billion (£15,145 per heid, 74.0% o the average for the UK, an the lawest GVA per heid in Breetain).
Awtho Wales closely skares its poleetical an social history wi the rest o Great Breetain, an the vast majority o the population speaks Inglis, the kintra haes reteened a distinct cultural identity an is offeecially bilingual. Ower 560,000 Welsh leid speakers leeve in Wales, an the leid is spoken bi a majority o the population in pairts o the north an wast. Frae the late 19t century onwart, Wales acquired its popular eemage as the "laund o sang", in pairt due tae the eisteddfod tradeetion. At mony internaitional sportin events, sic as the FIFA Warld Cup, Rugby Warld Cup an the Commonweel Gemmes, Wales haes its awn naitional teams, tho at the Olympic Gemmes, Welsh athletes compete as pairt o a Great Breetain team. Rugby union is seen as a seembol o Welsh identity an an expression o naitional awaurness.
- ↑ "Cymru am byth! The meaning behind the Welsh motto". WalesOnline. 6 Februar 2015. Retrieved 22 Mairch 2016.
- ↑ Davies (1994) p. 100
- ↑ "Statute of Rhuddlan". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 26 Julie 2014.
- ↑ "Laws in Wales Act 1535 (repealed 21.12.1993)". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 26 Julie 2014.
- ↑ "Government of Wales Act 1998". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 26 Julie 2014.
- ↑ http://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossvalueaddedgva/bulletins/regionalgrossvalueaddedincomeapproach/december2015
- ↑ "The Countries of the UK". statistics.gov.uk. Retrieved 10 October 2008.