Winter War

Winter War
Pairt o Warld War II
A Finnish machine gun crew during the Winter War
Date 30 November 1939 – 13 Mairch 1940 (3 months, 1 week and 6 days) Location Eastren Finland Result Soviet victory Moscow Peace Treaty Expulsion o the Soviet Union frae the League o Naitions Hivy Soviet Union losses an internaitional reputation damaged Finnish unthirldom pertectit frae Soviet Union annexation plans Renewal o hosteelities wi the Continuation War Territorial changes Cession o the Gulf o Finland islands, Karelie Isthmus, Ladoga Karelie, Salla, an Rybachy Peninsula, an lease o Hanko tae the Soviet Union
Belligerents
Soviet Union Finnish Democratic Republic	Finland Foreign volunteers Swadish Volunteer Corps  Denmark  Norawa  Estonie  Hungary Volunteer Corps
Commanders an leaders
Joseph Stalin Kirill Meretskov Kliment Voroshilov Semyon Timoshenko[F 1]	Kyösti Kallio Risto Ryti Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
Strenth
425,640–760,578 men[F 2] 998,100 men (oweraw) 2,514–6,541 tanks[F 3][9] 3,880 aircraft	250,000–340,000 men[F 4][10][11] 32 tanks[F 5][12] 114 aircraft[F 6][13]
Casualties an losses
126,875–167,976 dead or missin[F 7][15][16] 188,671 woondit, concussed or burned[15] 5,572 capturt[17] 316 tanks destroyed[F 8][18][19][20] 261–1,000 aircraft lost (via combat an non-combat causes) [F 9][20][21] 321,000–363,000 total casualties	25,904 dead or missin [F 10][22] 43,557 woondit[23] 800–1,100 capturt[F 11][24] 957 ceevilians killed in air raids[22] 20–30 tanks destroyed 62 aircraft lost[25] 70,000 tot casualties

The Winter War (Finnish: talvisota, Swadish: vinterkriget, Norse: vinterkrigen, Roushie: Зи́мняя война́)^[26] wis a militar conflict atween the Soviet Union an Finland in 1939–1940. It began wi the Soviet invasion o Finland on 30 November 1939 (three month efter the ootbreak o Warld War II), an endit wi the Moscow Peace Treaty on 13 Mairch 1940. The League o Naitions deemed the attack wrangous an expelled the Soviet Union frae the League on 14 December 1939.^[27]

1. ↑ Edwards (2006), p. 93
2. ↑ Edwards (2006), p. 125
3. ↑ Manninen (2008), p. 14
4. ↑ Trotter (2002), p. 204
5. ↑ Meltiukhov (2000): ch. 4, Table 10
6. ↑ Krivosheyev (1997), p. 63
7. ↑ Kilin (1999), p. 383
8. ↑ Manninen (1994), p. 43
9. ↑ Kantakoski (1998), p. 260
10. ↑ Palokangas (1999), pp. 299–300
11. ↑ Juutilainen & Koskimaa (2005), p. 83
12. ↑ Palokangas (1999), p. 318
13. ↑ Peltonen (1999)
14. ↑ Kilin (2007b), p. 91
15. ↑ ^{a b} Krivosheyev (1997), pp. 77–78
16. ↑ Anna Ruha (1 Januar 2014). "Tapaus nimeltä talvisota" (PDF) (in Finnish). University of Helsinki. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
17. ↑ Manninen (1999b), p. 815
18. ↑ Kilin (1999)^{[page needit]}
19. ↑ Kantakoski (1998), p. 286
20. ↑ ^{a b} Manninen (1999b), pp. 810–811
21. ↑ Kilin (1999), p. 381
22. ↑ ^{a b} Kurenmaa an Lentilä (2005)
23. ↑ Lentilä an Juutilainen (1999), p. 821
24. ↑ Malmi (1999), p. 792
25. ↑ Tillotson (1993), p. 160
26. ↑ The names Soviet–Finnish War 1939–1940 (Roushie: Сове́тско-финская война́ 1939–1940) an Soviet–Finland War 1939–1940 (Roushie: Сове́тско-финляндская война́ 1939–1940) are aften uised in Roushie historiografie. See: Baryshnikov, N.; Salomaa, E. (2005), Вовлечение Финляндии во Вторую Мировую войну [Finland's Entrance into World War II], in Chernov, M. (ed.), Крестовый поход на Россию [Crusade Against Russia] (in Roushien), Moscow: Yauza, ISBN 5-87849-171-0, archived frae the original on 6 November 2008, retrieved 19 Juin 2016; Kovalyov, E. (2006), "7: Зимняя война балтийских подводных лодок (1939–1940 гг.) [Winter War and the Baltic Submarines (1939-1940)]", Короли подплава в море червонных валетов [Submarine Kings of the Knave of Hearts Sea] (in Roushien), Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf, ISBN 5-9524-2324-8; Shirokorad, A. (2001), "IX: Зимняя война 1939–1940 гг. [Winter War 1939-1940]", Северные войны России [Russia's Northern Wars] (in Roushien), Moscow: ACT, ISBN 5-17-009849-9
27. ↑ "League of Nations' Expulsion of the U.S.S.R." League of Nations. 14 December 1939. Retrieved 24 Julie 2009.