Back تاريخ الشطرنج Arabic Història dels escacs Catalan مێژووی شەتڕەنج CKB Dějiny šachové hry Czech Geschichte des Schachspiels German Ιστορία του σκακιού Greek History of chess English Historia del ajedrez Spanish پیشینه شطرنج Persian Histoire du jeu d'échecs French

History of chess

12th century Islamic-style chess set from Iran. New York Metropolitan Museum of Art.
12th century chessmen from the Isle of Lewis (four kings). They are not this colour in nature, and are made of walrus ivory
A leaf from the Libro de los juegos, Alfonso X of Castile, c. 1283

The history of chess goes back almost 1500 years.

The game originated in northern India in the 6th century AD and spread to Persia. When the Arabs conquered Persia, chess was taken up by the Muslim world. Later, through the Moorish conquest of Spain, chess spread to Southern Europe.[1][2]

In early Russia, the game came directly from the Khanates (muslim territories) to the south.[3]

In Europe, the moves of the pieces changed in the 15th century. The modern game starts with these changes. In the second half of the 19th century, modern tournament play began. Chess clocks were first used in 1883, and the first world chess championship was held in 1886. The 20th century saw advances in chess theory, and the establishment of the World Chess Federation (FIDE).[4] Chess engines (programs that play chess), and chess data bases became important.

  1. ↑ Murray H.J.R. 1913. The history of chess. Oxford. reprint ISBN 0-936317-01-9
  2. ↑ von der Lasa, T. 1897. Zur Geschichte und Literatur des Schachspiels.
  3. ↑ Linder I.M. The art of chess pieces. Moscow 1994, p13 et seq "An excursion into history". Moscow: HGS Publishers. ISBN 5-7588-0386-3
  4. ↑ Eales, Richard. 1983. Chess: the history of a game. Batsford, London.
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