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| Hyloidea | |
|---|---|
| |
| Eleutherodactylus jasperi | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Suborder: | Neobatrachia |
| Superfamily: | Hyloidea Stannius, 1856 |
| Families | |
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See text | |
Hyloidea is a superfamily of frogs.[1] 54% of all living frog and toad species are in Hyloidea.[2] The superfamily Hyloidea started when the ancestor of all its frogs and toads evolved differently from the other animals in the suborder Neobatrachia. This happened at about the same time as the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction 66 million years ago. Scientists have found some fossils from this time but not enough to tell how this event affected these animals. After this extinction event, more forests grew, so the frogs may have changed so they could climb and live in trees.[3]
Hyloidea has many subgroups:[1][4][5]
- Alsodidae (Mivart, 1869) - (26 species)
- Batrachylidae (Gallardo, 1965) - (14 species)
- Bufonidae - true toads (700 species)
- Brachycephaloides
- Brachycephalidae (Günther, 1858) - saddleback toads, flea toads and big-headed frogs (70 species)
- Craugastoridae (Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008) - fleshbelly frogs (822 species)
- Eleutherodactylidae (Lutz, 1954)- robber frogs (223 species)
- Centrolenids
- Allophrynidae (Savage, 1973) - Tukeit Hill frogs (3 species)
- Centrolenidae (Taylor, 1951) - glass frogs (155 species)
- Ceratophryidae (Tschudi, 1838) - common horned frogs (12 species)
- Cycloramphidae (Peters, 1862) - glass frogs (36 species)
- Dendrobatoidea
- Dendrobatidae (Cope, 1865) - poison frogs (194 species)
- Aromobatidae (Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel & Wheeler, 2006) - cryptic forest frogs (121 species)
- Hemiphractidae (Cope, 1865) - (112 species)
- Hylidae (Rafinesque, 1815) - treefrogs (711 species)
- Hylodidae (Günther, 1858) - (47 species)
- Leptodactylidae (Werner, 1896 (1838)) - southern frogs (206 species)
- Pelodryadidae Günther, 1858 - Australian treefrogs (215 species)
- Phyllomedusidae Gunther, 1858 - leaf frogs (66 species)
- Odontophrynidae ( Lynch, 1969) - (53 species)
- Rhinodermatidae (Bonaparte, 1850) - Darwin's frogs or mouth-brooding frogs (3 species)
- Telmatobiidae (Fitzinger, 1843) - water frogs (63 species)
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 R.Alexander Pyron, John J.Wiens, 2011, A large-scale phylogeny of Amphibia including over 2800 species, and a revised classification of extant frogs, salamanders, and caecilians "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-12-18. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ Feng, Yan-Jie; Blackburn, David C.; Liang, Dan; Hillis, David M.; Wake, David B.; Cannatella, David C.; Zhang, Peng (2017-06-28). "Phylogenomics reveals rapid, simultaneous diversification of three major clades of Gondwanan frogs at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (29): E5864–E5870. Bibcode:2017PNAS..114E5864F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1704632114. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 5530686. PMID 28673970.
- ↑ Meijer, Hanneke (2017-08-02). "Jump for joy: researchers make huge leap in understanding frog evolution". the Guardian. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
- ↑ The Amphibian Species of the World 6.0 website of the American Museum of Natural History's
- ↑ Feng, Yan-Jie; Blackburn, David C.; Liang, Dan; Hillis, David M.; Wake, David B.; Cannatella, David C.; Zhang, Peng (2017-07-18). "Phylogenomics reveals rapid, simultaneous diversification of three major clades of Gondwanan frogs at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (29): E5864–E5870. Bibcode:2017PNAS..114E5864F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1704632114. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 5530686. PMID 28673970.