Jakarta

Jakarta
Special Capital Region
Special Capital Region of Jakarta Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota Jakarta
From top, left to right: Jakarta Old Town, Hotel Indonesia Roundabout, Jakarta Skyline, Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Monumen Nasional, Merdeka Palace, Istiqlal Mosque and Jakarta Cathedral
Flag Coat of arms Wordmark
Nickname(s):  The Big Durian,[1][2] J-Town[3]
Motto(s):  Jaya Raya (Sanskrit) (meaning: Victorious and Great)
Location of Jakarta in Indonesia
Jakarta Location in Java and Indonesia Show map of Java Jakarta Jakarta (Indonesia) Show map of Indonesia Jakarta Jakarta (Asia) Show map of Asia
Coordinates: 6°12′S 106°49′E / 6.200°S 106.817°E / -6.200; 106.817
Country	Indonesia
Established	397 AD[4]: 116
As Jayakarta	22 June 1527[4]: 154
As Batavia	4 March 1621[5]
As Jakarta	8 August 1942[5]
As DKI	28 August 1961[6]
Government
• Type	Special administrative area
• Governor	Heru Budi Hartono
• Deputy Governor	Vacant
• Legislative	Jakarta Regional People's Representative Council
Area
• Special Capital Region	661.5 km2 (255.4 sq mi)
• Metro	6,392 km2 (2,468 sq mi)
• Rank	34th
Elevation	8 m (26 ft)
Population  (2020)[7]
• Special Capital Region	10,562,088
• Rank	6th
• Density	15,906.5/km2 (41,198/sq mi)
• Metro [8]	33,430,285
• Metro density	4,733/km2 (12,260/sq mi)
Demonyms	Jakartan, Indonesian: warga Jakarta, orang Jakarta
Time zone	UTC+7 (Indonesia Western Time)
Postal Code	1xxx0
Area code	(+62) 21
Vehicle registration	B
HDI	0.801(Very High)
HDI rank	1st (2017)
GDP PPP (2016)	$483.4 billion[9]
Police	Polda Metro Jaya
Website	jakarta.go.id

Jakarta, officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (Indonesian: Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta), is the largest and the capital city of Indonesia. It is on the northwest coast of the island of Java, it has an area of 661.52 km² and a population of 10,562,088 as of 2020.^[7] Jakarta has been established for more than 490 years. It is the ninth most dense city in the world with 15,900 people per km².

Jakarta's first name was Sunda Kelapa. Before the Dutch came, it was renamed to Jayakarta, starting in 1527. In 1619 the Dutch renamed the city Batavia. It was called Jakarta by the Japanese during World War 2.

Jakarta has a tropical monsoon climate (Am in the Köppen climate classification).

Jakarta's challenges include rapid urban growth and flooding.^[10] Additionally, Jakarta is sinking up to 17 cm (6.7 inches) per year. It is also one of the fastest-sinking capitals in the world.^[11] In 2019, President Joko Widodo said that the capital would be moved to East Kalimantan, an Indonesian province on the island of Borneo.^[12] On 18 January 2022, the Parliament of Indonesia approved a bill to change the country's capital from Jakarta to Nusantara.^[13]

1. ↑ Suryodiningrat, Meidyatama (22 June 2007). "Jakarta: A city we learn to love but never to like". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 21 February 2008.
2. ↑ "Travel Indonesia Guide – How to appreciate the 'Big Durian' Jakarta". Worldstepper-daworldisntenough.blogspot.com. 8 April 2008. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
3. ↑ Sungkar, Aulia R. (April 2012). "A Day on the J-Town". Jetstar Magazine. Archived from the original on 1 August 2013. Retrieved 2 January 2013.
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1} Iguchi, Masatoshi (2017). Java Essay: The History and Culture of a Southern Country. Troubador Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-78462-885-7.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1} Matanasi, Petrik (30 December 2016). "Pada Tanggal Inilah Batavia Menjadi Jakarta". tirto.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 15 October 2017.
6. ↑ "PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH KHUSUS IBUKOTA JAKARTA RAYA" (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 2 January 2019. Retrieved 2 January 2019.
7. ↑ ^{7.0 7.1} "Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2020" [2020 Population Census Results] (PDF) (in Indonesian). Statistics Indonesia. 21 January 2021. p. 9. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
8. ↑ "Basis Data Pusat Pengemangan Kawasan Perkotaan" [Urban Area Development Center database]. perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id. Archived from the original on 2020-02-06. Retrieved 2022-08-03.
9. ↑ "Statistik Indonesia 2016" (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik. 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2016. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
10. ↑ "Jakarta – Urban Challenges Overview – Human Cities Coalition". humancities.co. Archived from the original on 2017-12-03. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
11. ↑ "Cure to sinking Jakarta?". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
12. ↑ "Jakarta sinks as Indonesian capital and Borneo takes on mantle". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
13. ↑ Indonesia names new capital, approving shift from Jakarta