Jamaica

Jamaica
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Out of Many, One People"
Anthem:  "Jamaica, Land We Love" Royal anthem: "God Save the King"
Capital and largest city	Kingston 17°59′N 76°48′W / 17.983°N 76.800°W / 17.983; -76.800
Official languages	Jamaican English
National and primary language	Jamaican Patois
Ethnic groups (2011[1])	75% African 15% Mixed 5% White 5% Asian
Religion	68.9% Christian 1.1% Rastafarian 6.5% Other 2.3% Not stated 21.3% None [2]
Demonym(s)	Jamaican
Government	Unitary parliamentary representative democracy under constitutional monarchy
• Monarch	Charles III
• Governor-General	Patrick Allen
• Prime Minister	Andrew Holness
Legislature	Parliament
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
Independence  from the UK
• Granted	6 August 1962
Area
• Total	10,991 km2 (4,244 sq mi) (160th)
• Water (%)	1.5
Population
• 2021 estimate	2,827,695[3][4] (139th)
• Density	268/km2 (694.1/sq mi) (49th)
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Total	$26.446 billion[5] (2017)
• Per capita	$9,297[5]
GDP (nominal)	2017 estimate
• Total	$14.556 billion[5]
• Per capita	$5,117[5]
Gini (2004)	45.5[6] medium · 84th[7]
HDI (2014)	0.719[8] high · 99th
Currency	Jamaican dollar (JMD)
Time zone	UTC-5
Driving side	left
Calling code	+1-876 +1-658 (Overlay of 876; active in November 2018)
ISO 3166 code	JM
Internet TLD	.jm

Jamaica is an island country in the Caribbean; it is part of the Greater Antilles. The island, 10,990 square kilometres (4,240 sq mi) in area, lies about 140 kilometres (87 mi) south of Cuba, and 191 kilometres (119 mi) west of Hispaniola. Its capital city is Kingston; other towns include Montego Bay, St. Ann's Bay and Spanish Town. The island is divided into three counties – Cornwall, Middlesex and Surrey – which are subdivided into 14 parishes: Kingston, St. Andrew, St. Catherine, Clarendon, Manchester, St. Elizabeth, Westmoreland, Hanover, St. James, Trelawny, St. Ann, St. Mary, Portland and St. Thomas.

Jamaica is the third-largest island country in the Greater Antilles. Its Taíno name is Xaymaca, meaning "Land of Springs".^[9] Jamaica is part of the West Indies.

1. ↑ The CIA World Factbook – Jamaica Archived 2018-12-24 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 16 September 2015.
2. ↑ "The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
3. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
4. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX). population.un.org ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3} "Jamaica". International Monetary Fund. 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
6. ↑ "Gini Index". World Bank. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
7. ↑ "Country Comparison: Distribution 0f Family Income – Gini Index". World Factbook. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
8. ↑ "2015 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2014. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
9. ↑ "Taíno Dictionary" (in Spanish). The United Confederation of Taíno People. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007. Retrieved 18 October 2007.