Jihadism

Osama bin Laden, one of the most famous Salafi terrorists, founder of Al-Qaeda [1] [2] [3] [4]

"Jihadism" (also "jihadist movement", "jihadi movement" and variants) is a 21st-century neologism found in Western languages to describe Islamist militant movements seen by the military to be "rooted in Islam" and a threat to the West.[5]

The term "jihadism" has been used since the 1990s. [6] It was first used by Indian and Pakistani media, as well as French scholars, who used the more precise term "Salafi jihadism (or jihadist Salafism) ". French political scientist and orientalist Gilles Kepel identified a special Salafist form of jihadism in the 1990s. [7] Western journalists adopted it in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks of 2001.[8]

A distinction is made between Salafi jihadism and Deobandi jihadism. [9] [10] Salafi jihadist organizations include [11]: Salafia Jihadia, Al-Qaeda, ISIS, Salafi Group for Preaching and Jihad, Boko Haram, Al-Shabab, Hizbut Tahrir, Salafi Army of Abu Bakr, Salafi Army of Jaish al-Umma, Caucasus Emirate, Dawa FFM, Die Wahre Religion, Moroccan Fighting Group and others. Although the Taliban are Deobandi and not Salafi, they have worked closely with Salafi Osama bin Laden and various Salafi jihadist leaders. [12]

  1. El-Baghdadi, Iyad. "Salafis, Jihadis, Takfiris: Demystifying Militant Islamism in Syria". 15 January 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-04-10. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  2. Trevor Stanley. "The Evolution of Al-Qaeda: Osama bin Laden and Abu Musab al-Zarqawi". Archived from the original on 2022-01-03. Retrieved 2015-02-26.
  3. Jones, Seth G. (2014). A Persistent Threat: The Evolution of al Qa'ida and Other Salafi Jihadists (PDF). Rand Corporation.
  4. "The Global Salafi Jihad". the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. 2003-07-09. Archived from the original on 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2015-06-01.
  5. Compare: Hammer, Olav; Rothstein, Mikael, eds. (2012). "16". The Cambridge Companion to New Religious Movements. Cambridge University Press. p. 263. ISBN 9781107493551. Retrieved 2018-03-03. 'Jihadism' is a term that has been constructed in Western languages to describe militant Islamic movements that are perceived as existentially threatening to the West. Western media have tended to refer to Jihadism as a military movement rooted in political Islam.
  6. "What is jihadism?". BBC News. 11 December 2014. Archived from the original on 3 December 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  7. Kepel, Gilles (2021). Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam (5th ed.). London: Bloomsbury Academic. p. 219–222. ISBN 9781350148598.
  8. Natana DeLong-Bas (2009). "Jihad". Oxford Bibliographies. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 2016-06-29. Retrieved 2016-09-03.
  9. Metcalf, Barbara D. (2002). 'Traditionalist' Islamic activism: Deoband, Tablighis, and Talibs. Leiden: ISIM. p. 13. ISBN 90-804604-6-X. OCLC 67024546.
  10. Hashmi, Arshi Saleem. The Deobandi Madrassas in India and their elusion of Jihadi Politics: Lessons for Pakistan (PhD thesis). Quaid-i-Azam University.
  11. Jones, Seth G. (2014). A Persistent Threat: The Evolution of al Qa'ida and Other Salafi Jihadists (PDF). Rand Corporation. p. 2.
  12. Gilles Kepel, Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam (Harvard: Harvard University Press, 2002) pp.219-222

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