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| Pneumothorax | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Collapsed lung,[1] PTX, pneumothoraces (plural) |
 | |
| Illustration drawing a "collapsed" lung or "pneumothorax" | |
| Medical specialty | (Heart) Pulmonology, thoracic surgery |
| Symptoms | Chest pain, shortness of breath, tiredness[2] |
| Usual onset | Sudden[3] |
| Causes | Unknown (idiopathic), trauma[3] |
| Risk factors | COPD, tuberculosis, smog, smoking[4] |
| Diagnostic method | Chest X-ray, ultrasound, CT scan[5] |
| Differential diagnosis | Lung bullae,[3] hemothorax[2] |
| Prevention | Stopping smoking[3] |
| Treatment | conservative, needle aspiration, chest tube, pleurodesis[3] |
| Frequency | 20 per 100,000 per year[3][5] |
Pneumothorax (sometimes called "collapsed lung") is a health problem where air or gas is in the pleural space (the space between the lung and the pleura). The pleura is a slim membrane that covers the lungs. The two parts of the pleura usually touch. A hole might be caused on the surface of the lung, i.e. in injury or a stabbing. Air then enters between the pleura and the lung. The lung will collapse without immediate treatment.[6] If enough air gets into the pleural space, it can also push against other organs or parts in the chest, like the heart or the aorta. Pneumothorax is a medical emergency.
There are two main types of pneumothorax. These are a Closed Pneumothorax, and an Open Pneumothorax. These are also known as Simple Pneumothorax and Complex Pneumothorax.
- ↑ Cite error: The named reference
Or2004was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page). - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cite error: The named reference
NIH2011Symwas used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page). - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Cite error: The named reference
BMJ2014was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page). - ↑ Cite error: The named reference
NIH2011Cauwas used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page). - ↑ 5.0 5.1 Cite error: The named reference
Chen2015was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page). - ↑ Klocke, Robert A. "Pleura." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2016. Web. 22 Feb. 2016.