Back Rasjidoen-kalifaat Afrikaans الخلافة الراشدة Arabic خلافة راشدة ARY الخلافه الراشده ARZ Califatu ortodoxu AST Raşidi xilafəti Azerbaijani راشیدی خیلافتی AZB Хаҡ хәлифәт Bashkir Праведен халифат Bulgarian Kakhalifahan Rasyidin BJN
Rashidun Caliphate الخلافة الراشدة | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 632–661 | |||||||||||||||||||
 The Rashidun Caliphate reached its greatest extent under Caliph Uthman, in 654. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Capital | Medina (632–656) Kufa (656–661) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Common languages | Classical Arabic | ||||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||||||||||||||||
| Government | Caliphate | ||||||||||||||||||
| Caliph | |||||||||||||||||||
• 632–634 | Abu Bakr (first) | ||||||||||||||||||
• 634–644 | Umar | ||||||||||||||||||
• 644–656 | Uthman | ||||||||||||||||||
• 656–661 | Ali | ||||||||||||||||||
• 661–661 | Hasan (last)[a] | ||||||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||||||
• Established | 8 June 632 | ||||||||||||||||||
• First Fitna (internal conflict) ends | 28 July 661 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||||||||
| 655[3] | 6,400,000 km2 (2,500,000 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | Dinar Dirham | ||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||
Rashidun Empire or the Islamic Empire (Arabic: الامبراطورية الاسلامية) or Rashidun Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الراشدية) are the terms used to describe the empire that was controlled by the first four successors of Muhammad (the "Rightly Guided" caliphs). The empire was founded after Muhammad's death in 632 and lasted until 'Ali's death in 661. At its height, the power of the Rashidun Caliphs extended throughout North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Iranian highlands.
- ↑ Abu Dawud, Kitaab us-Sunnah, Chapter on the Khulafaa, Hadith no. 4647
- ↑ فريد, أحمد [in Arabic]. "من أعلام السلف – ج 1". IslamKotob – via Google Books.
- ↑ Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 495. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793.
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