Asam klorida

Asam klorida

Wasta
Wasta IUPAC Klorana[3]
Wasta lian Asam muriatat[1] Rohna uyah[2] Hidronium klorida Asam klorhidrat
Pananda
Nomer CAS	7647-01-0 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1231821 N
ChemSpider	307 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.210.665
Nomer EC	231-595-7
Nomer E	E507 (pangatur kaasaman, ...)
PubChem CID	313
UNII	QTT17582CB Y
Nomer UN	1789
Sipat
Rumus kimia	HCl(aq)
Panampilan	Teu warnaan, cairan transparan, haseup di udara lamun kakonséntrasi
Bau	Sipatna nyengat
Titik lebur	Gumantung kana konséntrasi – tingali tabél
Titik golak	Gumantung kana konséntrasi – tingali tabél
log P	0.00[4]
Kaasaman (pKa)	−5.9 (gas HCl)[5]
Farmakologi
Kode ATC	A09AB03 (WHO) B05XA13
Baya
Piktogram GHS	class="wikitable collapsible uncollapsed" style="min-width:50em"
t s é GHS hazard pictogramsCitakan:GHS2021/add reftag
Pictogram	Code	Symbol description	Image link
	GHS01	{{GHS exploding bomb}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-explos.svg	Explosive
	GHS02	{{GHS flame}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg
	GHS03	{{GHS flame over circle}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-rondflam.svg
	GHS04	{{GHS gas cylinder}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-bottle.svg
	GHS05	{{GHS corrosion}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-acid.svg	Corrosive
	GHS06	{{GHS skull and crossbones}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-skull.svg	Accute Toxic
	GHS07	{{GHS exclamation mark}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg	Irritant
	GHS08	{{GHS health hazard}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg	Health Hazard
	GHS09	{{GHS environment}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg	Environment
See also
{{H-phrases}}, {{P-phrases}}, Kat:GHS templates

t s é GHS hazard pictogramsCitakan:GHS2021/add reftag
Pictogram	Code	Symbol description	Image link
	GHS01	{{GHS exploding bomb}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-explos.svg	Explosive
	GHS02	{{GHS flame}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg
	GHS03	{{GHS flame over circle}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-rondflam.svg
	GHS04	{{GHS gas cylinder}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-bottle.svg
	GHS05	{{GHS corrosion}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-acid.svg	Corrosive
	GHS06	{{GHS skull and crossbones}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-skull.svg	Accute Toxic
	GHS07	{{GHS exclamation mark}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg	Irritant
	GHS08	{{GHS health hazard}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg	Health Hazard
	GHS09	{{GHS environment}}	Image:GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg	Environment
See also
{{H-phrases}}, {{P-phrases}}, Kat:GHS templates

|- | Kecap sinyal GHS | Baya^[6] |-

|

| H290, H314, H335^[6] |-

|

| P260, P280, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338^[6] |-

| NFPA 704

|

0

3

1

ACID

|- ! colspan=2 style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;" |Sanyawa patali

|-

|

|

|-

| colspan=2 style="text-align:left; background:#f8eaba;" |

|- style="background:#f8eaba; border-top:2px solid transparent;" | colspan=2 style="text-align:center;" | N verifikasi (naon ieu ^YN ?)

|- style="background:#f8eaba; border-top:2px solid transparent;" | colspan=2 style="text-align:center;" | Rujukan kotak info

|- style="background:#f8eaba;" | style="width:40%; max-height:1px; border-top:2px solid transparent; border-right:1px solid transparent;" | | style="width:60%; max-height:1px; border-top:2px solid transparent; border-left:1px solid transparent;" | |- |} Asam klorida atawa asam muriatat nyaéta sistem kimia anorganik teu warnaan nu rumusna H₂O:HCl. Asam klorida miboga bau nyegak nu husus. Asam ieu kaasup kana asam kuat sarta bisa nyerang kulit di luhur bentang komposisi nu luas ku sabab hidrogén klorida kaurai kabéhanana dina paleyur cai.

Asam klorida mangrupa sistem asam nu dumasar kana klorin pangbasajanna nu ngandung cai. Asam ieu mangrupa leyuran hidrogén klorida jeung cai, sarta sababaraha spésiés kimia lianna, di antarana ion hidronium jeung klorida. Asam klorida nyaéta réagen kimia jeung kimia industri nu penting, digunakeun dina produksi polivinil klorida pikeun palastik. Dina kahirupan sapopoé, asam klorida éncér diluted mindeng dipaké pikeun agén pangleungit kerak. Dina industri dahareun, asam klorida digunakeun keur aditif dahareun jeung dina produksi gélatin. Asam klorida ogé digunakeun dina ngaprosés kulit.

Asam klorida kapanggih ku ahli alkimia Jabir bin Hayyan kira-kira taun 800 M.^[7][8] Asam ieu dina sajarahna disebut acidum salis jeung rohna uyah ku sabab dijieun ti batu uyah jeung "vitriol héjo" (Besi(II) sulfat) (ku Basilius Valentinus dina abad ka-15) jeung saenggeusna ti sipat kimiana sarupa uyah biasa jeung asam sulfat (ku Johann Rudolph Glauber dina abad ka-17th). Asam klorida bébas didéskripsikeun sacara formal dina abad ka-16 ku Libavius. Saenggeus éta, asam ieu digunakeun ku ahli kimia saperti Glauber, Priestley, jeung Davy dina panalungtikan saintifikna. Salian dibéré tekanan atanapi ditiriskeun, asam klorida bakal robah ka wangun gas lamun leyuranna ngandung cai sakitar 60% atawa kirang. Asam klorida disebut ogé hidronium klorida, béda jeung wangun anhidratna nu disebut hidrogén klorida, HCl garing.

1. ↑ Salah ngutip: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama muriatic_acid
2. ↑ "spirits of salt". Diakses tanggal 29 Méi 2012. 
3. ↑ Henri A. Favre; Warren H. Powell, ed. (2014). Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 131. 
4. ↑ "Hydrochloric acid_msds". 
5. ↑ Trummal, Aleksander; Lipping, Lauri; Kaljurand, Ivari; Koppel, Ilmar A.; Leito, Ivo (6 Méi 2016). "Acidity of Strong Acids in Water and Dimethyl Sulfoxide" (dalam bahasa EN). The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 120 (20): 3663–3669. doi:10.1021/acs.jpca.6b02253. ISSN 1089-5639. PMID 27115918. 
6. ↑ ^{a b c} Sigma-Aldrich Co. Retrieved on 29 Novémber 2017.
7. ↑ "Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for Hydrochloric acid (HMDB0002306)". www.hmdb.ca. Diakses tanggal 4 Novémber 2017. 
8. ↑ Pubchem. "hydrochloric acid". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Diakses tanggal 4 Novémber 2017.