Hip hop

Hip hop ni aina ya muziki unaoelezea aina ya usanii na utamaduni uliyotokana na jamii ya Wamarekani Weusi na Walatino kunako miaka ya 1970 mjini New York City, hasa katika kitongoji cha Bronx.^[1][2][3]

DJ Afrika Bambaataa alieleza kwa muhtasari wa nguzo nne za utamaduni wa Hip hop: U-MC, U-DJ, breaking na uandikaji wa graffiti.^[4][5][6]

Elementi nyingine ni pamoja na beatboxing.^[7]

1. ↑ Chang, Jeff (2005). Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation. Macmillan. ISBN 031230143X. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
2. ↑ Castillo-Garstow, Melissa (1). "Latinos in Hip Hop to Reggaeton". Latin Beat Magazine. 15 (2): 24(4). {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |date= na |year= / |date= mismatch (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
3. ↑ Rojas, Sal (2007). "Estados Unidos Latin Lingo". Zona de Obras (47). Zaragoza, Spain: 68.
4. ↑ Kugelberg, Johan (2007). Born in the Bronx. New York: Oxford University Press. uk. 17. ISBN 978-0-7893-1540-3.
5. ↑ Brown, Lauren (18 Februari 2009). "Hip to the Game – Dance World vs. Music Industry, The Battle for Hip Hop's Legacy". Movmnt Magazine. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2010-05-28. Iliwekwa mnamo 2009-07-30.
6. ↑ Chang, Jeff (2005). Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip Hop Generation. New York: St. Martin's Press. uk. 90. ISBN 0-312-30143-X.
7. ↑ THE HISTORY OF HIP HOP Ilihifadhiwa 11 Aprili 2009 kwenye Wayback Machine. Retrieved on 27 Agosti 2011