Flerovyo

Flerovium, ₁₁₄Fl

Flerovium
Bigkas	/fləˈroʊviəm/[1] (flə-ROH-vee-əm) /flɛˈroʊviəm/[2] (flerr-OH-vee-əm)
Bilang na pangmasa	[289] (unconfirmed: 290)
Flerovium sa talahanayang peryodiko
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Pb ↑ Fl ↓ — nihonium ← flerovium → moscovium
Atomikong bilang (Z)	114
Group	14
Period	7
Block	p-block
Electron configuration	[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2 (predicted)[3]
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 4 (predicted)
Physical properties
Phase at STP	liquid (predicted)[4]
Melting point	284 ± 50 K ​(11 ± 50 °C, ​52 ± 90 °F) (predicted)[4]
Density (near r.t.)	11.4 ± 0.3 g/cm3 (predicted)[4]
Heat of vaporization	38 kJ/mol (predicted)[5]
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	(0), (+1), (+2), (+4), (+6) (nahulaaan)[3][5][6]
Ionization energies	1st: 832.2 kJ/mol (predicted)[7] 2nd: 1600 kJ/mol (predicted)[5] 3rd: 3370 kJ/mol (predicted)[5] (more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 180 pm (predicted)[3][5]
Covalent radius	171–177 pm (extrapolated)[8]
Other properties
Natural occurrence	sintetiko
CAS Number	54085-16-4
History
Naming	after Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (itself named after Georgy Flyorov)[9]
Discovery	Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) (1999)
Isotopes of flerovium t b
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 284Fl synth 2.5 ms[10][11] SF – 285Fl synth 100 ms[12] α 281Cn 286Fl synth 105 ms[13] α55% 282Cn SF45% – 287Fl synth 360 ms[13] α 283Cn ε?[14] 287Nh Preview warning: Infobox Fl isotopes: Decay mode not recognised, input shown unedited "dm2=ε?" cat#D 288Fl synth 653 ms α 284Cn 289Fl synth 2.1 s α 285Cn 290Fl synth 19 s?[15][16] EC 290Nh α 286Cn
Kategorya: Flerovium tingnan usapan baguhin | references

Ang flerovium o ununquadium^[17] (pagbigkas: u•nun•kwad•yum) ay ang pansamantalang pangalan ng radioactive na elementong kemikal na may pansamantalang simbolong Uuq at atomikong bilang na 114. Minumungkahi na tawagin ang elementong ito na flerovium,^[18] sunod sa Rusong siyentipikong si Georgy Flyorov (binabaybay ding Flerov).

May 80 radioactive decay na ng ununquadium ang naobserbahan hanggang sa ngayon, 50 rito ang direkta at 30 mula sa pagka-decay ng mas mabigat na elementong ununhexium at ununoctium. Lahat ng pagka-decay ay itinalaga sa limang magkakalapit na isotope na may bilang ng mass na 285–289. Ang pinakamahabang nabuhay na isotope na alam sa ngayon ay ²⁸⁹Uuq na may kalahating-buhay na ~2.6 s, bagaman may palatandaan sa isang nuklear na isomer ^289bUuq, na may kalahating-buhay na ~66 s, na ito'y isa sa may pinakamahabang nabuhay na nucleus sa rehiyon ng sobrang-bigat na elemento.

Ayon sa mga kemikal na pag-aaral na isinagawa noong 2007, ang ununquadium ay nagpapahiwatig na nagtataglay ng non-eka-lead na katangian, at mukhang ito ang unang sobrang-bigat na elemento na gumaganap ng katangiang gaya ng sa mga noble-gas dahil sa epektong relativistic.^[19]

1. ↑ Flerovium and Livermorium. The Periodic Table of Videos. University of Nottingham. December 2, 2011. Nakuha noong June 4, 2012.
2. ↑ "flerovium". Lexico UK English Dictionary UK English Dictionary UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2021-02-05.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2} Hoffman, Darleane C.; Lee, Diana M.; Pershina, Valeria (2006). "Transactinides and the future elements". Sa Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (mga pat.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (sa wikang Ingles) (ika-3rd (na) edisyon). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5.
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1 4.2} Florez, Edison; Smits, Odile R.; Mewes, Jan-Michael; Jerabek, Paul; Schwerdtfeger, Peter (2022). "From the gas phase to the solid state: The chemical bonding in the superheavy element flerovium". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 157. doi:10.1063/5.0097642.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4} Fricke, Burkhard (1975). "Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties". Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry. Structure and Bonding. 21: 89–144. doi:10.1007/BFb0116498. ISBN 978-3-540-07109-9. Nakuha noong 4 October 2013.
6. ↑ Schwerdtfeger, Peter; Seth, Michael (2002). "Relativistic Quantum Chemistry of the Superheavy Elements. Closed-Shell Element 114 as a Case Study" (PDF). Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences (sa wikang Ingles). 3 (1): 133–136. doi:10.14494/jnrs2000.3.133. Nakuha noong 12 September 2014.
7. ↑ Pershina, Valeria (30 November 2013). "Theoretical Chemistry of the Heaviest Elements". Sa Schädel, Matthias; Shaughnessy, Dawn (mga pat.). The Chemistry of Superheavy Elements (ika-2nd (na) edisyon). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 154. ISBN 9783642374661.
8. ↑ Bonchev, Danail; Kamenska, Verginia (1981). "Predicting the Properties of the 113–120 Transactinide Elements". Journal of Physical Chemistry. 85 (9). American Chemical Society: 1177–1186. doi:10.1021/j150609a021.
9. ↑ "Element 114 is Named Flerovium and Element 116 is Named Livermorium" (Nilabas sa mamamahayag). IUPAC. 30 May 2012. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2 June 2012.
10. ↑ Utyonkov, V.K.; atbp. (2015). Synthesis of superheavy nuclei at limits of stability: ^239,240Pu + ⁴⁸Ca and ^249–251Cf + ⁴⁸Ca reactions (PDF). Super Heavy Nuclei International Symposium, Texas A & M University, College Station TX, USA, March 31 – April 02, 2015.
11. ↑ Utyonkov, V. K.; Brewer, N. T.; Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Rykaczewski, K. P.; atbp. (15 September 2015). "Experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei ²⁸⁴Fl and ²⁸⁵Fl in the ^239,240Pu + ⁴⁸Ca reactions". Physical Review C. 92 (3): 034609. Bibcode:2015PhRvC..92c4609U. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.92.034609.
12. ↑ Utyonkov, V. K.; Brewer, N. T.; Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Rykaczewski, K. P.; atbp. (30 January 2018). "Neutron-deficient superheavy nuclei obtained in the ²⁴⁰Pu+⁴⁸Ca reaction". Physical Review C. 97 (14320): 1–10. Bibcode:2018PhRvC..97a4320U. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.97.014320.
13. ↑ ^{13.0 13.1} Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Utyonkov, V. K.; Ibadullayev, D.; atbp. (2022). "Investigation of ⁴⁸Ca-induced reactions with ²⁴²Pu and ²³⁸U targets at the JINR Superheavy Element Factory". Physical Review C. 106 (024612). doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.106.024612.
14. ↑ Hofmann, S.; Heinz, S.; Mann, R.; Maurer, J.; atbp. (2016). "Remarks on the Fission Barriers of SHN and Search for Element 120". Sa Peninozhkevich, Yu. E.; Sobolev, Yu. G. (mga pat.). Exotic Nuclei: EXON-2016 Proceedings of the International Symposium on Exotic Nuclei. Exotic Nuclei. pp. 155–164. ISBN 9789813226555.
15. ↑ Hofmann, S.; Heinz, S.; Mann, R.; Maurer, J.; atbp. (2016). "Review of even element super-heavy nuclei and search for element 120". The European Physics Journal A. 2016 (52). Bibcode:2016EPJA...52..180H. doi:10.1140/epja/i2016-16180-4.
16. ↑ Kaji, Daiya; Morita, Kosuke; Morimoto, Kouji; Haba, Hiromitsu; atbp. (2017). "Study of the Reaction ⁴⁸Ca + ²⁴⁸Cm → ²⁹⁶Lv* at RIKEN-GARIS". Journal of the Physical Society of Japan. 86: 034201-1–7. Bibcode:2017JPSJ...86c4201K. doi:10.7566/JPSJ.86.034201.
17. ↑ J. Chatt (1979). "Recommendations for the Naming of Elements of Atomic Numbers Greater than 100". Pure Appl. Chem. 51: 381–384. doi:10.1351/pac197951020381. (sa Ingles)
18. ↑ Brown, Mark (June 6, 2011). "Two Ultraheavy Elements Added to Periodic Table". Wired. Nakuha noong 7 June 2011. (sa Ingles)
19. ↑ Gas Phase Chemistry of Superheavy Elements Naka-arkibo 2012-02-20 sa Wayback Machine., lecture by Heinz W. Gäggeler, Nov. 2007. Huling inaccess noong Dis. 12, 2008. (sa Ingles)