Russia

Wupu wa Russia Российская Федерация (Russian)
Mbendela Chidindo cha Boma
Nyimbo:  Государственный гимн Российской Федерации Gosudarstvennyy gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii "State Anthem of the Russian Federation"
[[File: Show globe (incl. claimed and disputed territories)[lower-alpha 1] Show region with labels |center|250px|alt=|]]
Msumba Waboma kweneso Msumba Usani		Moscow
Official and national language		Russian[3]
Recognised regional languages		See Languages of Russia § Official languages
Mitundu ya Ŵanthu (2021, including Russia and Crimea)		71.7% Russian 3.2% Tatar 1.1% Chechen 1.1% Bashkir 22.9% other or not reported
Vipembezo		69.4% Christianity 63% Russian Orthodoxy[4] 6.4% other Christian 16.7% unaffiliated/no answer 6.5% Islam[lower-alpha 2] 2.4% other (including Buddhism)[5] 5% atheism [6]
Mwenecharu		Russian
Mtundu wa Boma		Federal semi-presidential republic under an authoritarian dictatorship[7][8][9][10]
-	President	Vladimir Putin
-	Prime Minister	Mikhail Mishustin
-	Upper house	Federation Council
-	Lower house	State Duma
Formation
-	Kievan Rus'	879
-	Vladimir-Suzdal	1157
-	Grand Duchy of Moscow	1263
-	Tsardom of Russia	16 January 1547
-	Russian Empire	2 November 1721
-	Monarchy abolished	15 March 1917
-	Soviet Union	30 December 1922
-	Declaration of State Sovereignty	12 June 1990
-	Russian Federation	12 December 1991
-	Current constitution	12 December 1993
-	Union State formed	8 December 1999
Ukulu wa Malo
-	Malo	17,098,246 km2[11] (within internationally recognised borders) 17,234,028 km2 (6,654,095 sq mi) (including claimed territories) (1st) Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character ",". sq mi
-	Maji (%)	13[12] (including swamps)
Chiŵelengelo cha ŵanthu
-	2022 estimate	147,182,123 (2021 Census)[13] (including Crimea)[14] 144,699,673 (excluding Crimea)[14] (9th)
-	Density	8.4/km2 (181st) 21.5/sq mi
GDP (PPP)		2022 estimate
-	Total	$4.771 trillion[15]
-	Per capita	$33,263[15]
GDP (nominal)		2022 estimate
-	Total	$2.215 trillion[15]
-	Per capita	$15,444[15]
Gini (2020)		36.0[16] medium
HDI (2021)		0.822[17] very high ·52nd
Ndalama		Ruble (₽) (RUB)
Mtundu Wanyengo		(UTC+2 to +12)
Woko la galimoto		right
Intaneti yacharu		.ru .рф

Russia (Russian: Россия, romanized: Rossiya, [rɐˈsʲijə]), panji kuti Wupu wa Russia,^{[lower-alpha 3]} ni charu icho chili ku chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Europe na kumpoto kwa Asia. Ni caru cikuru comene pa caru capasi, ndipo cikupanga cigaŵa cimoza pa vigaŵa vinkhondi na cimoza pa vigaŵa vyose vya caru capasi. Charu cha Russia chili na vigaŵa 11 vya nyengo ndipo chili na vyaru 14. Ni caru cacinkhondi na cinayi pa vyaru ivyo vili na ŵanthu ŵanandi comene pa caru cose ndiposo caciŵiri pa vyaru ivyo vili na ŵanthu ŵanandi comene mu Europe. Msumba ukuru wa Russia ni Moscow. Msumba wa St. Petersburg ndiwo ni msumba ukuru comene wa Russia. Malo ghanyake ghakurughakuru mu charu ichi ni Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Chelyabinsk, Krasnoyarsk, na Kazan.

Ŵanthu ŵa ku East Slav ŵakamba kukhala ku Europe pakati pa vyaka vya m'ma 300 na 800 C.E. Boma lakwamba la ŵanthu ŵa ku East Slavic, la Kievan Rus', likaŵako mu vyaka vya m'ma 900 C.E., ndipo mu 988, likamba kugomezga Chikhristu cha Orthodox kufuma ku Ufumu wa Byzantium. Paumaliro, caru ca Russia cikamara, ndipo ufumu wa Grand Duchy wa Moscow ukakura na kuzgoka Ufumu wa Russia. Kuzakafika kuuyambiro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800, charu cha Russia chikakura chomene chifukwa cha kuthereska ŵanthu na kuŵawukira. Ndipouli, apo ku Russia kukawuka vivulupi mu 1917, muwuso wa ufumu wa Russia ukamara ndipo pamasinda SFSR yikamba kulamulira. Pamanyuma pa Nkhondo ya ku Russia, Soviet Socialist Socialist Republic of Russia yikambiska Soviet Union pamoza na vyaru vinyake vitatu vya Soviet Union. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1930, Soviet Union yikasuzgika chomene na vinthu vya m'ma 1930. Apo Nkhondo Yakuzizima yikambanga, charu cha Russia chikamba kuphalizgana na charu cha United States kuti chiŵe na maghanoghano ghakupambanapambana pa charu chose.

Mu 1991, boma la Russia SFSR likafuma mu wupu wa Soviet Union. Dango liphya likapelekeka, ilo likakhazikiska muwuso wa boma. Kufuma waka apo vyaka vya m'ma 1900 vikambira, boma la Russia likuwusika na Vladimir Putin. Russia wali kunjilirapo pa nkhondo zinandi izo zikacitika mu nyengo ya Soviet Union, kusazgapo kupoka Crimea mu 2014 kufuma ku Ukraine.

Pa caru cose, caru ca Russia nchakutowa comene pa nkhani ya demokilase, wanangwa wa ŵanthu, na wanangwa wa vyalo. Charu cha Russia chili pa nambara 11 pa nkhani ya GDP. Vinthu vyakununkhira na nkhongono ivyo charu ichi chili navyo ni vikuru comene pa caru cose, ndipo mafuta na gasi ivyo vikusangika mu caru ici ni vyakuzirwa comene. Pa caru cose, caru ca Russia cili na vilwero vya nyukiliya vinandi comene, ndipo ni cacitatu pa vyaru ivyo vili na vilwero vya nkhondo vinandi. Charu ichi chili mu wupu wa United Nations Security Council; nchigaŵa ca G20, SCO, BRICS, APEC, OSCE, na WTO; ndipo nchigaŵa cikuru comene ca mawupu agho ghakaŵako pamanyuma pa Soviet Union nga ni CIS, CSTO, na Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Ku Russia kuli malo 30 agho ghali kulembeka na wupu wa UNESCO kuti ni malo ghakukondweska ŵanthu.

1. ↑ Pifer, Steven (17 Malichi 2020). "Crimea: Six years after illegal annexation". Brookings Institute. Retrieved 30 Novembala 2021.
2. ↑ Longola ivyo vyabudika: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named chapple-2019
3. ↑ Chevalier, Joan F. (2006). "Russian as the National Language: An Overview of Language Planning in the Russian Federation". Russian Language Journal. American Councils for International Education ACTR / ACCELS. 56: 25–36. JSTOR 43669126.
4. ↑ Longola ivyo vyabudika: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named auto
5. ↑ Shevchenko, Nikolay (21 Febuluwale 2018). "Check out Russia's Kalmykia: The only region in Europe where Buddhism rules the roost". Russia Beyond. Retrieved 11 Febuluwale 2023.
6. ↑ "Russia - Soviet Union Dissolution, Privatization Process, and Economic Hardship | Britannica". www.britannica.com.
7. ↑ Martin Krzywdzinski (2020). Consent and Control in the Authoritarian Workplace: Russia and China Compared. Oxford University Press. pp. 252–. ISBN 978-0-19-252902-2. OCLC 1026492383. officially a democratic state with the rule of law, in practice an authoritarian dictatorship
8. ↑ "Russia: Freedom in the World 2023 Country Report". Freedom House. 20 Julayi 2019. Retrieved 17 Epulelo 2023.
9. ↑ Longola ivyo vyabudika: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named cia
10. ↑ Longola ivyo vyabudika: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named authoritarianness
11. ↑ "World Statistics Pocketbook 2016 edition" (PDF). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Statistics Division. Retrieved 24 Epulelo 2018.
12. ↑ "The Russian federation: general characteristics". Federal State Statistics Service. Archived from the original on 28 Julayi 2011. Retrieved 5 Epulelo 2008.
13. ↑ Including 2,482,450 people living on the annexed Crimean Peninsula Том 1. Численность и размещение населения. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (in Russian). Retrieved 3 Sekutembala 2022.
14. ↑ ^{14.0 14.1} Предварительная оценка численности постоянного населения на 1 января 2022 года и в среднем за 2021 год [Preliminary estimated population as of 1 January 2022 and on the average for 2021] (XLS). Russian Federal State Statistics Service (in Russian). Retrieved 30 Janyuwale 2022.
15. ↑ ^{15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3} "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2023". International Monetary Fund.
16. ↑ "GINI index (World Bank estimate) – Russian Federation". World Bank. Retrieved 23 Juni 2022.
17. ↑ "Human Development Report 2021/2022" (PDF) (in English). United Nations Development Programme. 8 Sekutembala 2022. Retrieved 8 Sekutembala 2022.

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