IBotswana

IBotswana, ngokusesikweni IRiphabliki weBotswana (NgesiTswana nangesiKalanga: IHango yeBotswana), lilizwe alichukumisi ulwandle kuMazantsi eAfrika. IBotswana ithe tyaba ezweni layo, akukho ntaba ezininzi. Iipesenti ezingama-70 zayo ziNtlango yeKalahari . Unqamleze uMzantsi Afrika emazantsi, iNamibia entshona, kunye neZimbabwe empuma. Umda wayo neZambia emantla kufutshane nedolophu yeKazungula awuchazwanga kakuhle ngenxa yokuba uphakathi koMlambo iZambezi. Lo mda weZambia ziimitha ezimbalwa ezilikhulu ubude.^[1]

Le lizwe linezigidi ezi-2.3, yaye lelinye lamazwe anabantu abambalwa emhlabeni kwikhilomitha nganye. Malunga neepesenti ezilishumi zabantu bahlala kwikomkhulu, iGaborone. IBotswana belelinye lamazwe ahlwempuzekileyo kwihlabathi: ngo-1960 umntu ngamnye ufumene iidola ezingama-60 ngonyaka qha. Namhlanje iBotswana inoqoqosho olukhula ngokukhawuleza.^[2]

I-Homo sapiens yaqala ukuhlala kweli lizwe ngaphezulu kweminyaka ye-200,000 eyadlulayo. Abantu abangabeTswana bayinzala yabathethi zesiNtu ezafudukela emazantsi e-Afrika zaya kwiBotswana malunga ne-600 AD, zezihlala kwiindawo ezinesizwe njengabalimi nabelusi. Ngo-1885, aba-British bawuthanga lo mhlaba bewuthiya i-Protectorate ye-Bechuanaland . Njengokuba ubuKoloni babusenzeka, iBechuanaland yaba yiriphabliki ezimeleyo ye- Commonwealth phantsi kwegama langoku nge-30 kaSeptemba ka-1966. ^[3] Namhlanje iBotswana yiriphabliki, enerekhodi lenani leenyulo ezinobulungisa.^[4]

Uqoqosho lulawulwa yimigodi, ziinkomo nalukhenketho. Namhlanje abantu baseBotswana banomvuzo wonyaka emalunga ne-$18,825 kwi-avareji ngo-2015, lolona luphakamileyo eAfrika.^[5]

IBotswana lilungu leManyano yase- Afrika, loMbutho woPhuhliso lwamaZantsi e-Afrika, iZizwe eziManyeneyo kunye neZizwe eziManyeneyo . Ilizwe lichatshazelwe kakubi bubhubhane we-HIV/AIDS. Ngaphandle kwempumelelo kwiinkqubo zokwenza ukuba unyango lufumaneke, kunye nokufundisa abantu malunga nendlela yokunqanda ukusasazeka kwe-HIV/AIDS, inani labantu abane-AIDS lenyuka ukusuka ku-290,000 ngo-2005 ukuya ku-320,000 ngo-2013.^[6]Ngo-2014, IBotswana ikwelona nani lesithathu liphezulu lokufumana i-HIV/AIDS: ngama-20% abantu abosulelekileyo.^[7]

1. ↑ Darwa, P. Opoku (2011) Kazungula Bridge Project African Development Fund p. Appendix IV archived from the original on 14 November 2012 retrieved 4 May 2012  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
2. ↑ Maundeni, Zibani; Mpabanga, Dorothy; Mfundisi, Adam (2007-01-01) "Consolidating Democratic Governance in Southern Africa : Botswana" Africa Portal retrieved 2020-05-28 
3. ↑ "Bechuanaland was the former name of Botswana" generalknowledgefacts.com archived from the original on 23 March 2015 retrieved 20 February 2018  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
4. ↑ "overview of CPI indices" Transparency International archived from the original on 8 January 2018 retrieved 8 January 2018  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
5. ↑ "Botswana" The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency 2014 retrieved 16 April 2014 
6. ↑ "The Gap Report" Geneva: UN AIDS 2014 archived from the original on 20 June 2016 retrieved 21 June 2016  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
7. ↑ "HIV and Aids in Botswana" Avert International Aids Charity archived from the original on 28 February 2009 retrieved 21 June 2016  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)