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應用
[编辑]維基百科提供了多個各模板，令條目中使用國際音標（IPA）準確标音時更方便。
國際音標字型
[编辑]一般來說，當條目內容出現使用國際音標符號的地方，都應該用{{IPA}}包圍，使瀏覽器能夠轉用一些支援國際音標的字型來顯示。
若內文有相當部分包含國際音標，一般我們都會在條目頂部用{{IPA notice|lang=en}}來貼出提示，並且在內文所有需要用到國際音標的地方加上{{IPA}}來標註。
If there are not enough occurrences to warrant a notice, then consider a template that links to an IPA key for the first instance of the IPA on a page or section.
英文單字
[编辑]For English words, in a broad, non-regional transcription, as when giving the pronunciation of a key word in an article, use templates linking to Help:IPA for English, a chart of the subset of the IPA that is relevant to English:
- {{IPA-en}}, appearing as: 英語發音：/word/ (also /word/, 英語：/word/, 發音：/word/, as hereafter).
- {{IPAc-en}}, which automates the conversion to IPA, so that
{{IPAc-en|'|w|3r|d}}appears as /ˈwɜːrd/. This provides mouse-over links to the symbols, and is now the preferred template. 请参阅英语SAMPA表来查看英语国际音标对应的键盘字符。
其他語言單字
[编辑]For foreign words that are not assimilated into English, regional pronunciations of English words, and non-standard English dialects, use templates linking to the more general Help:IPA chart, containing all major IPA symbols:
- {{IPA-all}}, appearing as: 國際音標：[word]. Or:
- For specific languages, there may be dedicated IPA keys for standardized transcription. There are several options for their display. The first cell includes the ISO code of the language; the second is the transcription; the third keys an introductory phrase; and the fourth is space for a sound file. Using the French word eau [o] as an example, we have the default format:
{{IPA-fr|o}}→ 法语发音：[o]
- Or the word "pronounced" can be used as the introduction:
{{IPA-fr|o|pron}}→ 发音：[o]
- Language name only:
{{IPA-fr|o|lang}}→ 法语：[o]
- "IPA" only:
{{IPA-fr|o|IPA}}→ IPA：[o]
- Link only:
{{IPA-fr|o|}}→ [o]
- Any of these may be combined with a sound file:
- For the default introductory phrase, however, a placeholder such as “-” is required:
支援語言
[编辑]本系列模板支援以下語言：
給其他未支援的語言使用的IPA-all模板
[编辑]Redirects have been created for languages which do not yet have dedicated templates. Transcriptions which use these redirects will link to {{IPA-all}} for the time being; when a language-specific template is created the articles will be linked correctly. For example, you can use {{IPA-jv|word}} for Javanese, but for the moment it will be redirected to {{IPA-all}}, producing 國際音標：[word].
Languages and language extensions (IPA-iso) with redirects to IPA-all
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轉換為IPA
[编辑]Another type of language-specific template allows you to enter ordinary letters (or conventional ASCII equivalents) from a given language for automatic conversion to phonetic symbols. Those currently available are {{IPAc-ar}} for Arabic, {{IPAc-cmn}} for Mandarin, {{IPAc-en}} for English, {{IPAc-fr}} for French, {{IPAc-ga}} for Irish, {{IPAc-hu}} for Hungarian, {{IPAc-pl}} for Polish and {{IPAc-ja}} for Japanese. For example:
{{IPAc-ar|2|a|l|l|u|gh|a|t_|a|l|3|a|r|a|b|i|y|y|a}}→ [ʔalluɣat‿alʕarabijja]{{IPAc-cmn|zh|ong|1|h|ua|2|-|r|en|2|m|in|2|-|g|ong|4|h|e|2|g|uo|2}}→ [tʂʊ́ŋxwǎ ʐə̌nmǐn kʊ̂ŋxɤ̌kwɔ̌]{{IPAc-en|,|{|l|@|'|b|{|m|@}}→ /ˌæləˈbæmə/{{IPAc-fr|j|@|-|s|U|i|s_|a|m|é|r|i|c|ain}}→ [jə sɥi.z‿ameʁikɛ̃]{{IPAc-ga|'|b|ai|l'|@|-|'|á|th|@|-|'|c'|l'|ia|th}}→ [ˈbˠalʲə ˈaːhə ˈclʲiəh]{{IPAc-hu|'|m|a|gy|á|r}}→ [ˈmɒɟaːr]{{IPAc-pl|'|sz|cz|e|ć|i|n}}→ [ˈʂt͡ʂɛt͡ɕin]
追蹤分類
[编辑]參看
[编辑]- {{respell}}，用于发音重拼, which may be used for English words in addition to the IPA
- {{lang-nci-IPA}}, for dual Nahuatl-IPA transcription
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