Battle of Magersfontein

Battle of Magersfontein
Part of Second Boer War
British Troops making their way through a wire entanglement during the battle.
Date 11 December 1899 Location Magersfontein, Cape Colony, South Africa 28°58′S 24°42′E / 28.967°S 24.700°E / -28.967; 24.700 Result Boer victory
Belligerents
United Kingdom	South African Republic  Orange Free State
Commanders and leaders
Lord Methuen Andrew Gilbert Wauchope†	Piet Cronje Koos de la Rey
Strength
14,964 27 guns[1]	8,500 5 guns 3 machine guns[2]
Casualties and losses
948 killed or wounded[1]	236 killed or wounded[3]
class=notpageimage| Location of Magersfontein

The Battle of Magersfontein^{[Note 1]} (/ˈmɑːxərsfɒnteɪn/ MAH-khərss-fon-tayn) was fought on 11 December 1899, at Magersfontein, near Kimberley, South Africa, on the borders of the Cape Colony and the independent republic of the Orange Free State (now in Sol Plaatje Local Municipality, Northern Cape). British forces under Lieutenant General Lord Methuen were advancing north along the railway line from the Cape to relieve the siege of Kimberley, but their path was blocked at Magersfontein by a Boer force that was entrenched in the surrounding hills. The British had already fought a series of battles with the Boers, most recently at Modder River, where the advance was temporarily halted.

Lord Methuen failed to perform adequate reconnaissance in preparation for the impending battle and was unaware that Boer Vecht-generaal (Combat General) De la Rey had entrenched his forces at the foot of the hills, rather than the forward slopes, as was the accepted practice. That allowed the Boers to survive the initial British artillery bombardment, and when the British troops failed to deploy from a compact formation during their advance, the defenders inflicted heavy casualties. The Highland Brigade suffered the worst casualties, and on the Boer side, the Scandinavian Corps was destroyed. The Boers attained a tactical victory and succeeded in holding the British in their advance on Kimberley. The battle was the second of three battles during what became known as the Black Week of the Second Boer War: Stormberg on Sunday 10 December, Magersfontein on Monday 11 December and Colenso on Friday 15 December 1899.

Following their defeat, the British delayed at the Modder River for another two months while reinforcements were brought forward. General Lord Roberts was appointed Commander in Chief of the British forces in South Africa and moved to take personal command of the front. He subsequently lifted the siege of Kimberley and forced Cronje to surrender at the Battle of Paardeberg.

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