Derbent

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Derbent Дербент
City[1]
Other transcription(s)
• Lezgin	Цал (Tsal), Кьвевар (Kwevar), Дербенn (Derbent)
• Azerbaijani	Дәрбәнд (Dərbənd)
• Dargwa	Чяли
Coat of arms
Location of Derbent
Derbent Location of Derbent in Dagestan Show map of Republic of Dagestan Derbent Location of Derbent in European Russia Show map of European Russia Derbent Location of Derbent near the Caspian Sea Show map of Caspian Sea Derbent Location of Derbent near the Caucasus mountains Show map of Caucasus Mountains Derbent Location of Derbent in Russia Show map of Russia
Coordinates: 42°3′28″N 48°17′20″E / 42.05778°N 48.28889°E / 42.05778; 48.28889
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Dagestan[1]
Founded	438
City status since	1840
Government
• Mayor	Akhmed Abduseinovich Kuliev
Area [2]
• Total	69.63 km2 (26.88 sq mi)
Elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[3]
• Total	119,200
• Rank	137th in 2010
• Density	1,700/km2 (4,400/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	City of Derbent[1]
• Capital of	City of Derbent,[1] Derbentsky District[1]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Derbent Urban Okrug[4]
• Capital of	Derbent Urban Okrug,[4] Derbentsky Municipal District
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [5])
Postal code(s)[6]	368600
Dialing code(s)	+7 87240
OKTMO ID	82710000001
Website	www.derbent.org

Derbent (Russian: Дербе́нт; Lezgian: Цал, Кьвевар, Дербент, romanized: Tsal, Kwevar, Derbent; Avar: Дербенд; Azerbaijani: Дәрбәнд, romanized: Dərbənd; Rutul: Derbend), formerly romanized as Derbend,^[7] is a city in Dagestan, Russia, located on the Caspian Sea. It is the southernmost city in Russia, and it is the second-most important city of Dagestan. Derbent occupies the narrow gateway between the Caspian Sea and the Caucasus Mountains connecting the Eurasian Steppe to the north and the Iranian Plateau to the south; covering an area of 69.63 square kilometres (26.88 sq mi), with a population of roughly 120,000 residents.

Derbent claims to be the oldest city in Russia, with historical documentation dating to the 8th century BC, making it one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.^[8] Due to its strategic location, over the course of history, the city changed ownership many times, particularly among the Persian, Arab, Mongol, Timurid, and Shirvan kingdoms. In the 19th century, the city passed from Persian into Russian hands by the Treaty of Gulistan of 1813.^[9]