Egyptian Army

Egyptian Army
الجيش المصري (Arabic)
Flag of the Egyptian Army
Active	1803–1819 (de facto) 1820–present
Country	Egypt
Type	Army
Role	Ground warfare
Size	310,000 active personnel[1] 375,000 reserve personnel[1] 685,000 total personnel
Part of	Egyptian Armed Forces
Armed Forces Chief of Staff's Office	Heliopolis, Cairo
Motto(s)	Victory or Martyrdom
Colours	Red, White, Black
March	"We painted the face of our nation on our hearts." (Arabic: رسمنا على القلب وجه الوطن, rasamna ala al qalb wagh al watan)
Mascot(s)	Saladin's Eagle
Engagements	See list Alexandria expedition of 1807 Wahhabi War Conquest of Sudan Greek War of Independence Ethiopian–Egyptian border conflict Syrian Peasant Revolt (1834–1835) First Egyptian-Ottoman War 1838 Druze revolt Second Egyptian-Ottoman War Crimean War Second French Intervention in Mexico Great Cretan Revolt Egyptian invasion of the Eastern Horn of Africa Serbian-Ottoman War (1876–1878) Russo-Ottoman War (1877–1878) Egyptian–Ethiopian War Mahdist War Anglo-Egyptian War World War I World War II 1948 Palestine War Suez Crisis North Yemen Civil War Six-Day War Biafra War War of Attrition Yom Kippur War Egyptian-Libyan War Shaba I Egyptian raid on Larnaca International Airport 1986 Egyptian conscripts riot 1999 East Timorese crisis Gulf War Sinai Insurgency Republican Guard headquarters clashes Rabaa massacre[2] Raid on Kerdasa Egyptian intervention in Libya (2015–2020)
Decorations	See list Sinai Liberation Medal Order of the Sinai Star Kuwait Liberation Medal 1956 War Medal Independence Medal Order of the Nile Order of the Republic
Commanders
Minister of Defense And Military Production	Colonel general Abdel Mageed Saqr
Chief of Staff	Lieutenant General Ahmed Fathy Khalifa

The Egyptian Army (Arabic: الجيش المصري, romanized: El Geish el Masry), officially the Egyptian Ground Forces (Arabic: القوات البرية المصرية, romanized: El-Quwwāt El-Barriyya El-Maṣriyya), is the land warfare branch of the Egyptian Armed Forces. It is the largest service branch of the Egyptian Armed Forces. It was known as the Royal Egyptian Army until the declaration of the Republic and the abolishment of the monarchy on 18 June 1953.

The modern army was established during the reign of Muhammad Ali Pasha (1805–1849), widely considered to be the "founder of modern Egypt". Its most significant engagements in the 20th century were in Egypt's five wars with the State of Israel (in 1948, 1956, 1967, 1967–1970, and 1973), one of which, the Suez Crisis of 1956, also saw it do combat with the armies of the United Kingdom and France. The Egyptian army was also engaged heavily in the protracted North Yemen Civil War, and the brief Egyptian–Libyan War in July 1977. Its last major engagement was Operation Desert Storm, the liberation of Kuwait from Iraqi occupation in 1991, in which the Egyptian army constituted the second-largest contingent of the allied forces.

The Egyptian Ground Forces are under the direct command of the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces. As of 2023^[update], the army has an estimated strength of 310,000 of which approximately 90,000–120,000 are professionals and the rest conscripts. There exists an additional 375,000 reservists.^[1]